0
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1
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2
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My first
visual memories are of this

3
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framed poster above my crib.

4
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I would stare at it every
night before I went to bed.

5
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My father was an underground
comic distributor.

6
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He's always been this sort of
Zelig of the counterculture

7
00:00:57,524 --> 00:00:59,457
as I like to call him.

8
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Having painted in
Warhol's studio,

9
00:01:02,796 --> 00:01:06,865
being roomies with Lou
Reed, he knew R. Crumb

10
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and all these great
artists of his generation.

11
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I mean, I was brought up on all
kinds of wacky visuals as a kid.

12
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So I would stare at this
painting over and over:

13
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The Garden of Earthly Delights
by Hieronymus Bosch.

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It was painted around 1500.

15
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And if you look at these
panels long enough,

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they start to tell a story.

17
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In the first panel you have Adam
and Eve in the Garden of Eden.

18
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Birds flying off
into the distance,

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elephants and giraffe and a
lot of religious iconography.

20
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The second panel is where
it starts to become

21
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more interesting.

22
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The deadly sins start to infuse
their way into the painting.

23
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There's overpopulation,
there's debauchery and excess.

24
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And the last panel, which
is the most nightmarish one,

25
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especially from a young child's
perspective, is this twisted,

26
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decayed, burnt landscape.

27
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A paradise that has been
degraded and destroyed.

28
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Man may be unwittingly changing the world's

29
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climate through the waste
products of its civilization...

30
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The burning of coal, oil and
wood is releasing carbon dioxide

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into the atmosphere.

32
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The greenhouse effect has been
detected and it is changing

33
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our climate now.

34
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Guess where the
temperature goes?

35
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It goes up.

36
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Climate change is
already in our backyards.

37
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It's official. 2012 was the
hottest year in the...

38
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...2013

39
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...2014

40
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...2015

41
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...warmest year around the globe

42
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...warmest year on record.

43
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It is these activities
that drove mankind

44
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out of the Garden of Eden.

45
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Hi, how are you?
Ah, Mr. DiCaprio.

46
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Pleasure, pleasure.

47
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Great to, great
pleasure to see you.

48
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Here.

49
00:03:24,404 --> 00:03:26,171
We can move this.

50
00:03:26,206 --> 00:03:28,139
This can be adjusted.

51
00:03:28,175 --> 00:03:29,207
Oh wow, this
is for height control.

52
00:03:29,242 --> 00:03:30,608
Yeah.

53
00:03:30,644 --> 00:03:32,310
Like this, like this.
For shorter leaders

54
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and taller leaders.

55
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What specific message do you
think is the most important?

56
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Climate change is
coming much, much faster.

57
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We have seen such, uh,
extraordinary extreme weather

58
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patterns.

59
00:03:47,861 --> 00:03:51,463
If you consider this
vastness of this universe,

60
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this Planet Earth is
just a small boat.

61
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If this boat is sinking, then
I think we will have to all

62
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sink together.

63
00:04:02,776 --> 00:04:06,644
I know that he has been a
very committed and effective

64
00:04:06,680 --> 00:04:11,583
environmentalist and that is
why I really count on your

65
00:04:11,618 --> 00:04:13,718
leadership and vision.

66
00:04:15,422 --> 00:04:18,156
Please welcome
newly appointed United Nations

67
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Messenger of Peace,
Mr. Leonardo DiCaprio.

68
00:04:27,434 --> 00:04:29,567
Thank you
Mr. Secretary General,

69
00:04:29,603 --> 00:04:30,869
Your Excellencies...

70
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I feel incredibly honored
that they chose me to be

71
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the United Nations Messenger
of Peace on climate change.

72
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I stand before
you, not as an expert,

73
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I want to do everything I can
to learn more about this issue.

74
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See for myself exactly what's
going on and what can be done.

75
00:04:48,822 --> 00:04:52,423
But it all kinda seems
beyond our control.

76
00:04:52,459 --> 00:04:55,593
As an actor,
I pretend for a living.

77
00:04:55,629 --> 00:04:58,696
I play fictitious characters
often solving fictitious

78
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problems.

79
00:05:00,467 --> 00:05:03,301
I believe that mankind has
looked at climate change

80
00:05:03,336 --> 00:05:04,836
in that same way.

81
00:05:04,871 --> 00:05:07,338
We keep getting inundated with
catastrophic news about the

82
00:05:07,374 --> 00:05:10,775
environment every single day,
and the problem seems to be

83
00:05:10,811 --> 00:05:15,079
getting worse and
worse and worse.

84
00:05:15,115 --> 00:05:17,849
Try to have a conversation with
anyone about climate change,

85
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people just tune out.

86
00:05:22,289 --> 00:05:26,090
If the U.N. really knew
how I feel,

87
00:05:26,126 --> 00:05:32,730
how pessimistic I am about our
future, I mean, to be honest,

88
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they may have picked
the wrong guy.

89
00:05:37,704 --> 00:05:39,037
Hundreds of
thousands took to the streets

90
00:05:39,072 --> 00:05:44,209
of New York today demonstrating
for action on climate change.

91
00:05:44,244 --> 00:05:46,744
Secretary General,
Ban Ki-Moon called Leo

92
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a credible voice in the
environmental movement,

93
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which is like calling Jeffrey
Dahmer a credible voice

94
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for stew.

95
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Leonardo DiCaprio
has just naively bought into

96
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the entire global warming hoax.

97
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Who better to
educate world leaders on made up

98
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climate change in a crisis that
doesn't exist than an actor

99
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from Hollywood with zero years
of scientific training?

100
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Hi, how are you?

101
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I'm very good.

102
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How are you doing,
it's a pleasure.

103
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You too.

104
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Hey!

105
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Nice to
see you, buddy.

106
00:06:32,893 --> 00:06:34,192
Good to see you.

107
00:06:34,227 --> 00:06:38,363
So I just started this new film,
it's set in the Western Frontier

108
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of the United States
in the early 1800s.

109
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It's basically the dawn of
the Industrial Revolution.

110
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It has a lot to do with men who
are pillaging the natural world,

111
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wiping species out, and
basically destroying cultures

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in the process.

113
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Those are like buffalo skulls.

114
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Alejandro!

115
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Crazy, are these fur-trappers?

116
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Are these people
selling the skulls?

117
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No, these are people
selling the skulls, yeah.

118
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What the is this?

119
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Isn't that embarrassing?

120
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Man, that's crazy.

121
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And the fact that
they never even reflected on it,

122
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that there's an ending to these
animals, and we cannot just,

123
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it's insane.

124
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If you can put that
in the movie that would be

125
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unbelievable.

126
00:07:17,537 --> 00:07:18,569
How about this, I dare you!

127
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Ah, okay.

128
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...get to the boat. Come on son.

129
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I didn't grow up
around nature at all,

130
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I grew up near
downtown Los Angeles.

131
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And my escape every weekend was
the Natural History Museum.

132
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And from a very young age, I
became fascinated with species

133
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that had become extinct.

134
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All these different animals,

135
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from the dodo to the
passenger pigeon,

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which was the most
plentiful bird on earth,

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to the Tasmanian tiger, also
known as the thilacene

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to the great auk, the
quagga, the moa.

139
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I remember the
anger that I felt,

140
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reading all these stories about
how explorers and settlers

141
00:08:08,621 --> 00:08:13,491
would just wipe out an entire
species, and in the process,

142
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decimate the ecosystem forever.

143
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The difference now is we're
knowingly doing this;

144
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it's just on a
much larger scale.

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If we're gonna fight
climate change effectively,

146
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we have to start by
acknowledging that

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most of our economy is
based on fossil fuels.

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Fossil fuels are coal,
oil, and natural gas.

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Oil powers most of the
transportation sector,

150
00:09:01,808 --> 00:09:05,710
coal and natural gas power
most of the electricity.

151
00:09:07,714 --> 00:09:11,315
Now, in the first couple decades
of the twenty-first century,

152
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in order to sustain our
dependence on fossil fuels,

153
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we're going to very risky,
very extreme new sources.

154
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You see this in things like
mountain top removal for coal,

155
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fracking for natural gas,

156
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offshore drilling for oil,

157
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and the tar sands, which is
the most devastating form

158
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of producing fossil fuels.

159
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They take away massive forests,
the water in the streams

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and rivers is poisoned.

161
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It has severe impacts on the
wildlife, on native communities,

162
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and it requires a huge amount of
energy simply to get it to

163
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our fuel tanks.

164
00:10:05,405 --> 00:10:07,705
There is no such thing
as clean fossil fuel.

165
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Headsets are hung up at the back,

166
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but the volume control's right
above the microphone so...

167
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The truth is, the more
I've learned about this issue

168
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and everything that
contributes to the problem,

169
00:11:57,450 --> 00:11:59,850
the more I realize
how much I don't know.

170
00:12:00,720 --> 00:12:02,687
How much I don't know
about this issue.

171
00:12:05,158 --> 00:12:08,292
The first time I ever heard
the term global warming,

172
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which was what it
was called back then,

173
00:12:10,163 --> 00:12:12,230
I was in my early twenties.

174
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I had the opportunity to sit
down one on one with then

175
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Vice President, Al Gore
in the White House.

176
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And he drew a picture of
our planet on a chalkboard,

177
00:12:21,608 --> 00:12:24,141
and then he drew the atmosphere
around it, and he said,

178
00:12:24,177 --> 00:12:27,712
this is the most important
issue of our time.

179
00:12:27,747 --> 00:12:31,782
I had absolutely no idea
what he was talking about.

180
00:12:31,818 --> 00:12:35,219
He said all our modes of
transportation, boats, trains,

181
00:12:35,255 --> 00:12:37,755
planes, cars, the way
we produce our food,

182
00:12:37,790 --> 00:12:40,524
the way we build our cities,
almost everything we do releases

183
00:12:40,560 --> 00:12:46,731
carbon dioxide, CO2, and that
leads to climate change.

184
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The polar ice caps will melt,
the seas will start to rise,

185
00:12:51,738 --> 00:12:54,639
there will be more dangerous
weather patterns, floods,

186
00:12:54,674 --> 00:12:56,607
droughts, wildfires.

187
00:12:56,643 --> 00:12:59,510
It sounded like some nightmarish
science fiction film.

188
00:13:01,748 --> 00:13:03,848
Except everything
he said is real

189
00:13:03,883 --> 00:13:05,549
and it's happening right now.

190
00:13:12,825 --> 00:13:14,425
Wow.

191
00:13:14,460 --> 00:13:15,293
Wow.

192
00:13:15,328 --> 00:13:16,360
Beautiful.

193
00:13:21,567 --> 00:13:25,169
I just want to know
how far we've gone,

194
00:13:25,204 --> 00:13:28,839
how much damage we've done, and
if there's anything we can do

195
00:13:28,875 --> 00:13:30,908
to stop it.

196
00:13:36,282 --> 00:13:36,747
You all set, mate? !

197
00:13:41,387 --> 00:13:43,220
So it's the 4th of July,

198
00:13:43,256 --> 00:13:45,456
and we're here in the
middle of the Arctic.

199
00:13:45,491 --> 00:13:48,225
Right now we are
standing on the ocean,

200
00:13:48,261 --> 00:13:50,561
we are basically
walking on water.

201
00:13:50,596 --> 00:13:53,230
This is the northern
tip of Baffin Island,

202
00:13:53,266 --> 00:13:56,400
one of the hundreds of islands
in the High Canadian Arctic.

203
00:13:56,436 --> 00:13:59,203
We are way above
the Arctic Circle,

204
00:13:59,238 --> 00:14:01,172
and if you put your
hand in the water,

205
00:14:01,207 --> 00:14:03,774
you would not be able to stand
it for more than 5 minutes,

206
00:14:06,379 --> 00:14:09,080
except you who are a badass.

207
00:14:09,115 --> 00:14:10,247
You hunt and fish here,
right?

208
00:14:10,283 --> 00:14:12,049
Yeah.

209
00:14:12,085 --> 00:14:13,784
What do you, what do you fish
and what do you hunt?

210
00:14:13,820 --> 00:14:18,456
In my territory I hunt fish,
seal, narwhal,

211
00:14:18,491 --> 00:14:20,024
and polar bear.

212
00:14:20,059 --> 00:14:21,192
Is this polar bear?
Yup.

213
00:14:21,227 --> 00:14:23,294
Oh, well there you go!

214
00:14:23,329 --> 00:14:26,831
And the ice here, since you've
been around has it been

215
00:14:26,866 --> 00:14:27,798
decreasing?

216
00:14:27,834 --> 00:14:31,035
We used to have
a solid ice, blue.

217
00:14:31,070 --> 00:14:33,070
Not light blue like this, blue.

218
00:14:33,106 --> 00:14:34,839
Hard, ice.

219
00:14:34,874 --> 00:14:42,546
Now we usually have a, kind
of ice cream type of ice.

220
00:14:42,582 --> 00:14:45,015
It's ice but it's,
when it starts to melt,

221
00:14:45,051 --> 00:14:46,917
it melts pretty fast.

222
00:14:46,953 --> 00:14:49,153
Much faster than before.

223
00:14:49,188 --> 00:14:54,959
2040, you will be able
to sail over the North Pole.

224
00:14:54,994 --> 00:14:58,028
There's going to be no sea
ice left in the Arctic Ocean

225
00:14:58,064 --> 00:14:59,830
in the summer.

226
00:14:59,866 --> 00:15:03,200
We are burning so many fossil
fuels that the ice is melting.

227
00:15:06,205 --> 00:15:09,240
The Arctic is like
the air conditioning for

228
00:15:09,275 --> 00:15:11,342
the Northern Hemisphere.

229
00:15:11,377 --> 00:15:14,445
If it goes away, that's
going to change currents,

230
00:15:14,480 --> 00:15:17,014
that's going to change
weather patterns,

231
00:15:17,049 --> 00:15:21,819
that's going to make floods and
droughts more catastrophic.

232
00:15:21,854 --> 00:15:25,489
It's the most dramatic
transformation of a large

233
00:15:25,525 --> 00:15:27,024
environment ever.

234
00:15:30,963 --> 00:15:31,429
Look at this.

235
00:15:34,367 --> 00:15:37,334
They're right here!

236
00:15:37,370 --> 00:15:40,438
There are about 10,000
to 12,000 narwhals

237
00:15:40,473 --> 00:15:42,773
in this region.

238
00:15:42,809 --> 00:15:46,343
The numbers are stable here,
in other regions are declining.

239
00:15:46,379 --> 00:15:48,479
Wow.

240
00:15:48,514 --> 00:15:50,414
That's awesome.

241
00:15:50,450 --> 00:15:53,951
Yeah, they are waiting
for the ice to open up,

242
00:15:53,986 --> 00:15:56,987
to swim in, so they
can catch the flounder.

243
00:15:57,023 --> 00:16:02,059
I can't believe what they sound like,
it's amazing.

244
00:16:02,094 --> 00:16:02,993
They're like purring.

245
00:16:06,466 --> 00:16:08,098
You know, I don't want
to be in a planet

246
00:16:08,134 --> 00:16:09,467
without these animals.

247
00:16:17,543 --> 00:16:19,276
He's the chairman of Earth Day 2000,

248
00:16:19,312 --> 00:16:20,778
Leonardo DiCaprio.

249
00:16:20,813 --> 00:16:22,980
When I was 25 years old,

250
00:16:23,015 --> 00:16:26,083
I remember being asked to
participate in this huge event

251
00:16:26,118 --> 00:16:27,885
in Washington for Earth Day.

252
00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:30,855
Temperatures are rising,
coral reefs are dying,

253
00:16:30,890 --> 00:16:34,291
and not since a meteor hit the
earth 65 million years ago,

254
00:16:34,327 --> 00:16:36,961
have so many species of plant
and animals become extinct

255
00:16:36,996 --> 00:16:38,229
in such a short time.

256
00:16:38,264 --> 00:16:40,097
I even got a chance to
interview the President

257
00:16:40,132 --> 00:16:41,765
of the United States.

258
00:16:41,801 --> 00:16:44,268
Why do you think this issue
is so constantly overlooked?

259
00:16:44,303 --> 00:16:46,871
I think it's because it takes a long time

260
00:16:46,906 --> 00:16:49,373
for the climate to change in
a way that people feel it,

261
00:16:49,408 --> 00:16:53,777
and because, uh, it seems
sort of abstract now.

262
00:16:53,813 --> 00:16:56,146
At the time, it was this huge push
to get the word

263
00:16:56,182 --> 00:16:57,848
out on global warming.

264
00:16:57,884 --> 00:17:00,017
Now a couple degrees' difference
in today's temperatures

265
00:17:00,052 --> 00:17:02,453
may not seem like an emergency.

266
00:17:02,488 --> 00:17:06,924
Back then everyone was focused
on small, individual actions.

267
00:17:06,959 --> 00:17:10,027
We all have to, you know, bring
environmentalism to the American

268
00:17:10,062 --> 00:17:11,428
consciousness.

269
00:17:11,464 --> 00:17:13,831
And it boiled down to simple
solutions like changing

270
00:17:13,866 --> 00:17:16,767
your light bulb.

271
00:17:16,802 --> 00:17:19,937
It seemed like a positive
thing at the time, you know.

272
00:17:19,972 --> 00:17:21,539
Changing your lightbulb.

273
00:17:23,843 --> 00:17:27,044
But it's pretty clear that we're
way beyond that point now;

274
00:17:27,079 --> 00:17:29,513
things have taken a
massive turn for the worst.

275
00:17:33,519 --> 00:17:36,120
We keep finding things that
aren't in the climate models

276
00:17:36,155 --> 00:17:38,088
that are used to
project the future.

277
00:17:38,124 --> 00:17:42,026
So that, that tells me that the
projections for the future are,

278
00:17:42,061 --> 00:17:44,828
are really conservative.

279
00:17:44,864 --> 00:17:47,231
If climate stays at this
temperature that it's been

280
00:17:47,266 --> 00:17:50,935
in the last decade, Greenland
is, is going away.

281
00:17:53,839 --> 00:17:55,773
Don't walk into the crevasse.

282
00:17:56,409 --> 00:17:57,942
Oh my God!

283
00:17:57,977 --> 00:18:00,844
Don't get too close to the edge.

284
00:18:00,880 --> 00:18:02,980
Look at how violent that is.

285
00:18:03,015 --> 00:18:06,050
These rapids are going
so incredibly fast.

286
00:18:06,085 --> 00:18:08,285
This meltwater is making
its way to the sea.

287
00:18:08,321 --> 00:18:11,355
If that's not balanced by
snowfall then the ice sheet gets

288
00:18:11,390 --> 00:18:13,390
smaller and sea level rises.

289
00:18:16,796 --> 00:18:19,496
This is actually our
proper climate station.

290
00:18:19,532 --> 00:18:23,067
This is a climate station?

291
00:18:23,102 --> 00:18:26,503
I was imagining a massive igloo
with all kinds of scientists

292
00:18:26,539 --> 00:18:28,105
doing experiments.

293
00:18:28,140 --> 00:18:33,277
It really does look like
broken down pool equipment.

294
00:18:33,312 --> 00:18:35,145
How, what does this connect to?

295
00:18:35,181 --> 00:18:37,014
Well, this is all melted up now,

296
00:18:37,049 --> 00:18:39,516
this was a hose that
went down 30 feet,

297
00:18:39,552 --> 00:18:41,318
and now it's melted out.

298
00:18:41,354 --> 00:18:42,987
Wait a minute, so this,

299
00:18:43,022 --> 00:18:45,990
that's lying here used to
be straight down under ice?

300
00:18:46,025 --> 00:18:47,424
Yeah, so we made.

301
00:18:47,460 --> 00:18:49,793
So that's the amount of ice
that has melted.

302
00:18:49,829 --> 00:18:51,128
Yeah.

303
00:19:07,380 --> 00:19:09,380
This is 5 years of melt.

304
00:19:11,050 --> 00:19:14,318
So this entire length
is the thickness of ice that has

305
00:19:14,353 --> 00:19:18,455
melted throughout all of lower
Greenland in the past 5 years.

306
00:19:18,491 --> 00:19:20,024
Right.

307
00:19:20,059 --> 00:19:23,227
That's hundreds of cubic
kilometers of ice that's now

308
00:19:23,262 --> 00:19:25,295
no longer stored on land.

309
00:19:25,331 --> 00:19:27,498
It's gone into
the sea over here.

310
00:19:37,777 --> 00:19:40,611
Miami, New Orleans,
Boston and Long Beach,

311
00:19:40,646 --> 00:19:43,280
California may be doomed
to fall victim

312
00:19:43,315 --> 00:19:45,482
to ever-rising sea levels.

313
00:19:45,518 --> 00:19:48,318
South Florida as we know it
could be washed away

314
00:19:48,354 --> 00:19:51,522
by risings seas.

315
00:19:51,557 --> 00:19:53,357
When you look at places
that are the most

316
00:19:53,392 --> 00:19:56,360
susceptible to sea level rise,
especially in the United States,

317
00:19:56,395 --> 00:19:58,328
Florida is the key one.

318
00:19:58,364 --> 00:20:02,366
And a lot of the, your
campaign was based on um,

319
00:20:02,401 --> 00:20:05,335
giving people an understanding
of what's at risk here.

320
00:20:05,371 --> 00:20:07,237
We don't have the liberty or the time

321
00:20:07,273 --> 00:20:08,539
to debate climate change.

322
00:20:08,574 --> 00:20:10,507
If you don't believe
in it, I always say

323
00:20:10,543 --> 00:20:13,544
bring your unconverted to
us and we'll make sure you agree

324
00:20:13,579 --> 00:20:14,812
that there is a major problem.

325
00:20:18,451 --> 00:20:20,250
We have this thing called
sunny day flooding.

326
00:20:20,286 --> 00:20:21,885
Picture a beautiful sunny day,

327
00:20:21,921 --> 00:20:26,690
all of a sudden you see water
coming up on the street.

328
00:20:26,726 --> 00:20:30,160
As the sea level rises,
the water's coming up,

329
00:20:30,196 --> 00:20:33,163
backflowing into our
streets through our drains.

330
00:20:33,199 --> 00:20:35,566
If the city is underwater,
there's no future.

331
00:20:35,601 --> 00:20:37,501
How do you combat that?

332
00:20:37,536 --> 00:20:41,238
Exactly what's going on as far
as prevention is concerned?

333
00:20:41,273 --> 00:20:46,143
We started putting in pumps,
take a look at this.

334
00:20:46,178 --> 00:20:47,478
Oh, this is the pump!

335
00:20:47,513 --> 00:20:49,313
Yup!

336
00:20:49,348 --> 00:20:51,315
We're in the process of
building all across the city.

337
00:20:55,387 --> 00:20:58,222
This street right here used
to be fully underwater.

338
00:20:58,257 --> 00:21:00,691
During high tide you
may need a canoe.

339
00:21:00,726 --> 00:21:03,794
And now what we did was we
raised this road and you can see

340
00:21:03,829 --> 00:21:06,230
the difference, see how that
area there kind of goes,

341
00:21:06,265 --> 00:21:08,398
slopes down a little bit.

342
00:21:08,434 --> 00:21:11,568
So the main investment
is in these systems right here,

343
00:21:11,604 --> 00:21:14,138
raising the roads and
the electric pumps.

344
00:21:14,173 --> 00:21:17,608
Yeah,
this is a 400-million-dollar project.

345
00:21:17,643 --> 00:21:19,409
City wide.

346
00:21:19,445 --> 00:21:23,247
And of course we're paying
for it by our city revenues.

347
00:21:23,282 --> 00:21:25,616
I had to raise tax revenue,
which you can imagine is not

348
00:21:25,651 --> 00:21:28,752
a very popular thing to
do as a politician.

349
00:21:28,788 --> 00:21:30,888
And this construction
is it going to make

350
00:21:30,923 --> 00:21:32,089
a major difference.
Major difference.

351
00:21:32,124 --> 00:21:34,324
And buy you a significant amount of time.

352
00:21:34,360 --> 00:21:36,860
Absolutely I would think
about 40, 50 years.

353
00:21:36,896 --> 00:21:37,761
That's it?

354
00:21:37,797 --> 00:21:38,562
Yes.

355
00:21:43,502 --> 00:21:45,335
Now one of the things I always
say when people ask me this,

356
00:21:45,371 --> 00:21:47,771
Mayor what about after 50
years, what's going to happen?

357
00:21:47,807 --> 00:21:49,807
Well what we have to do
is come up with solutions,

358
00:21:49,842 --> 00:21:52,743
and unfortunately we have a
governor and we have a cabinet

359
00:21:52,778 --> 00:21:55,612
that doesn't believe that
this is a major issue.

360
00:21:55,648 --> 00:21:57,881
Officials in Florida
were banned from using the words

361
00:21:57,917 --> 00:21:59,650
climate change.

362
00:21:59,685 --> 00:22:04,354
This policy began in 2011 after
Rick Scott came into office.

363
00:22:04,390 --> 00:22:06,156
No one really wants to talk
about climate change,

364
00:22:06,192 --> 00:22:10,260
especially our senator
from Florida, Marco Rubio,

365
00:22:10,296 --> 00:22:13,297
who doesn't believe that
we have climate change

366
00:22:13,332 --> 00:22:15,566
and is not interested in
assisting our state.

367
00:22:15,601 --> 00:22:19,303
I would hope that he would have
gone out and grabbed us federal

368
00:22:19,338 --> 00:22:21,872
funds over the last three years
to help make our cities viable.

369
00:22:21,907 --> 00:22:24,775
I do not believe that human
activity is causing

370
00:22:24,810 --> 00:22:27,778
these dramatic changes to our
climate the way these scientists

371
00:22:27,813 --> 00:22:29,746
are portraying it.

372
00:22:29,782 --> 00:22:32,282
Why do you think there
is such opposition about

373
00:22:32,318 --> 00:22:33,817
the science?

374
00:22:33,853 --> 00:22:35,419
I think it's politics,
I think it so has to do with

375
00:22:35,454 --> 00:22:38,188
lobbying and industry and I
always say one thing, Leo,

376
00:22:38,224 --> 00:22:41,124
I said uh, the ocean
is not Republican

377
00:22:41,160 --> 00:22:45,896
and it's not Democrat,
all it knows how to do is rise.

378
00:22:45,931 --> 00:22:48,866
Satellite data show,
for the last seventeen years,

379
00:22:48,901 --> 00:22:51,535
there has been no significant
recorded warming.

380
00:22:51,570 --> 00:22:53,437
It's supposed to be 70 degrees today,

381
00:22:53,472 --> 00:22:56,206
it's freezing here!

382
00:22:56,242 --> 00:23:01,011
Speaking of global warming where
is, we need some global warming!

383
00:23:01,046 --> 00:23:02,246
It's freezing.

384
00:23:02,281 --> 00:23:04,882
There's about as robust a consensus

385
00:23:04,917 --> 00:23:07,451
about human-caused climate
change as there is

386
00:23:07,486 --> 00:23:08,986
for any matter in science.

387
00:23:09,021 --> 00:23:11,021
Be it the theory of gravity.

388
00:23:11,056 --> 00:23:15,959
97 percent of climate scientists
agree, the globe is warming,

389
00:23:15,995 --> 00:23:18,929
our climate is changing, it's
due to fossil fuel burning

390
00:23:18,964 --> 00:23:20,530
and other human activities.

391
00:23:20,566 --> 00:23:24,301
Unfortunately we are fighting
this massive disinformation

392
00:23:24,336 --> 00:23:26,203
campaign to confuse the public.

393
00:23:26,238 --> 00:23:28,839
You look at the satellite data we actually

394
00:23:28,874 --> 00:23:32,542
have had no significant warming
since 1998 actually no warming.

395
00:23:32,578 --> 00:23:34,244
We have been cooling
in recent years.

396
00:23:34,280 --> 00:23:36,813
If you actually believe
that global warming

397
00:23:36,849 --> 00:23:39,283
is the biggest problem we face,

398
00:23:39,318 --> 00:23:41,919
you're the dumbest son
of a bitch on the planet.

399
00:23:41,954 --> 00:23:43,487
So yeah, maybe you could
just talk a little bit

400
00:23:43,522 --> 00:23:45,889
about your background, the
studies that you've done.

401
00:23:45,925 --> 00:23:48,926
I was the classic science and math geek

402
00:23:48,961 --> 00:23:50,460
in high school.

403
00:23:50,496 --> 00:23:53,297
Studied physics in graduate
school and a decade and half ago

404
00:23:53,332 --> 00:23:56,300
my co-authors and I started
to look into climate change

405
00:23:56,335 --> 00:23:57,567
in the more distant past.

406
00:23:57,603 --> 00:24:01,004
We published a curve where
there's this long-term cooling

407
00:24:01,040 --> 00:24:04,841
trend and then all of
a sudden this abrupt warming

408
00:24:04,877 --> 00:24:06,410
that has no precedent

409
00:24:06,445 --> 00:24:09,846
as far back as you can go and
it got named the hockey stick

410
00:24:09,882 --> 00:24:12,316
because it looks like the
blade of a hockey stick.

411
00:24:12,351 --> 00:24:15,385
And once we had published
that graph I had set myself up

412
00:24:15,421 --> 00:24:17,821
for a completely different life.

413
00:24:17,856 --> 00:24:18,622
And why is that?

414
00:24:18,657 --> 00:24:20,424
What did they do
specifically to?

415
00:24:20,459 --> 00:24:23,093
I was vilified
on the editorial pages

416
00:24:23,128 --> 00:24:25,395
of the Wall Street
Journal, on Fox News.

417
00:24:25,431 --> 00:24:27,364
That I was a fraud.

418
00:24:27,399 --> 00:24:28,832
Other German Scientists have called it

419
00:24:28,867 --> 00:24:30,367
statistical rubbish.

420
00:24:30,402 --> 00:24:33,136
He's been called a
statistical charlatan.

421
00:24:33,172 --> 00:24:35,205
I was being attacked by congressmen.

422
00:24:35,240 --> 00:24:36,540
They threw spaghetti up on the wall

423
00:24:36,575 --> 00:24:38,775
and wherever it stuck is
what they put in the chart.

424
00:24:38,811 --> 00:24:42,145
I had death threats that
were actionable enough that

425
00:24:42,181 --> 00:24:45,449
the FBI at one point had to come
to my office to investigate

426
00:24:45,484 --> 00:24:49,186
an envelope that had been sent
to me that had a white powder.

427
00:24:49,221 --> 00:24:53,056
I've had threats made
against my family.

428
00:24:53,092 --> 00:24:55,359
These folks know they don't have
to win the legitimate scientific

429
00:24:55,394 --> 00:24:56,426
debate.

430
00:24:56,462 --> 00:24:58,395
They just need to
divide the public,

431
00:24:58,430 --> 00:25:03,033
and all of that hatred and fear
is in fact organized and funded

432
00:25:03,068 --> 00:25:04,534
by a few players.

433
00:25:06,138 --> 00:25:10,340
Fossil fuel interests, folks
like the Koch brothers finance

434
00:25:10,376 --> 00:25:15,212
a very large echo chamber of
climate change denialism.

435
00:25:15,247 --> 00:25:17,848
The reality is a lot of
climatologists believe

436
00:25:17,883 --> 00:25:19,416
that the science is not settled.

437
00:25:19,451 --> 00:25:21,284
Global warming is illusory were actually going

438
00:25:21,320 --> 00:25:22,552
through a period
of global cooling.

439
00:25:22,588 --> 00:25:25,222
It's easier to believe in a benevolent god

440
00:25:25,257 --> 00:25:28,392
the baby Jesus than it is in
some kind of theory about

441
00:25:28,427 --> 00:25:29,960
global warming.

442
00:25:29,995 --> 00:25:32,529
Websites and news outlets
and think tanks.

443
00:25:32,564 --> 00:25:36,033
They find people with fairly
impressive credentials

444
00:25:36,068 --> 00:25:37,901
who are willing to sell
those credentials

445
00:25:37,936 --> 00:25:39,369
to fossil fuel interests.

446
00:25:39,405 --> 00:25:41,304
Dr. Fred Singer,
President of the science

447
00:25:41,340 --> 00:25:43,306
and environmental
policy project.

448
00:25:43,342 --> 00:25:46,777
The weather balloons around
the world show no warming

449
00:25:46,812 --> 00:25:49,546
of the atmosphere in
the last 25 years.

450
00:25:49,581 --> 00:25:51,882
You have all of these
organizations with lofty

451
00:25:51,917 --> 00:25:54,451
sounding names like Americans
for Prosperity

452
00:25:54,486 --> 00:25:56,820
or The Heartland Institute.

453
00:25:56,855 --> 00:26:00,123
These are front groups that are
funded by corporate interests.

454
00:26:00,159 --> 00:26:03,126
Americans for Prosperity
is really a front group

455
00:26:03,162 --> 00:26:04,895
for the Koch brothers.

456
00:26:04,930 --> 00:26:06,830
That's an organization
founded by David and Charles

457
00:26:06,865 --> 00:26:08,131
Koch and good
morning to you Tim.

458
00:26:08,167 --> 00:26:09,433
-Good to be here, Bill.
-Welcome here,

459
00:26:09,468 --> 00:26:10,901
what are you going
to get for your money?

460
00:26:10,936 --> 00:26:12,402
We hope to see policies change.

461
00:26:12,438 --> 00:26:15,472
Koch Industries is one of
the largest privately held

462
00:26:15,507 --> 00:26:17,741
fossil fuel interests
in the world.

463
00:26:17,776 --> 00:26:20,844
And they are doing everything
they can to protect that wealth.

464
00:26:20,879 --> 00:26:22,879
Would you give up
all that industrialization,

465
00:26:22,915 --> 00:26:25,382
would you give up all the
productivity that it's brought

466
00:26:25,417 --> 00:26:28,085
us, all the lives that it has
saved over the last 100 years,

467
00:26:28,120 --> 00:26:30,353
so that the temperature
wouldn't rise half a percent

468
00:26:30,389 --> 00:26:31,421
or a milli percent?

469
00:26:31,457 --> 00:26:33,423
They've lobbied Congress.

470
00:26:33,459 --> 00:26:38,061
We keep hearing 2014 has been
the warmest year on record,

471
00:26:38,097 --> 00:26:41,031
oh here Mr. President
catch this. Mhmm.

472
00:26:41,066 --> 00:26:43,900
James Inhofe is probably
the most prominent

473
00:26:43,936 --> 00:26:46,103
congressional climate
change denier.

474
00:26:46,138 --> 00:26:48,772
Global warming is the
greatest hoax ever perpetrated

475
00:26:48,807 --> 00:26:50,373
on the American people.

476
00:26:50,409 --> 00:26:52,876
He's the chair of the
Senate Environment Committee.

477
00:26:52,911 --> 00:26:56,012
There are some people
who are so arrogant to think

478
00:26:56,048 --> 00:26:58,882
that they are so powerful that
they can change a climate.

479
00:26:58,917 --> 00:27:01,218
Man can't change climate.

480
00:27:01,253 --> 00:27:02,886
It might not be
surprising to learn that

481
00:27:02,921 --> 00:27:04,988
James Inhofe is one of
the largest recipients

482
00:27:05,023 --> 00:27:07,424
of fossil fuel money
in the U.S. Senate.

483
00:27:10,028 --> 00:27:12,295
Fossil Fuel interests
have bought our House

484
00:27:12,331 --> 00:27:16,500
of Representatives and Senate
Environment Committee.

485
00:27:16,535 --> 00:27:19,202
We can't get a climate bill
passed through our Congress

486
00:27:19,238 --> 00:27:22,038
because it's controlled
by fossil fuel funded

487
00:27:22,074 --> 00:27:25,475
climate change deniers who
are blocking any bills

488
00:27:25,511 --> 00:27:27,978
that would attempt
to deal with this problem.

489
00:27:28,013 --> 00:27:31,114
How they're able to
discredit scientists who have

490
00:27:31,150 --> 00:27:34,851
devoted their life to this issue
is kind of mind boggling to me.

491
00:27:34,887 --> 00:27:35,852
It sometimes makes me want
to take a drink right.

492
00:27:35,888 --> 00:27:38,355
I'm sure.
If I was a scientist

493
00:27:38,390 --> 00:27:41,057
I would be absolutely pissed
every single day of my life.

494
00:27:41,093 --> 00:27:43,493
These people are, you know,

495
00:27:43,529 --> 00:27:47,998
engaged in an effort to
lead us astray in the name

496
00:27:48,033 --> 00:27:52,769
of short term, you know, fossil
fuel profits so that we end up

497
00:27:52,804 --> 00:27:54,938
leaving behind a
degraded planet.

498
00:27:54,973 --> 00:27:56,139
What could be more
immoral than that?

499
00:28:03,081 --> 00:28:06,483
Even now, man may be
unwittingly changing the world's

500
00:28:06,518 --> 00:28:09,819
climate through the waste
products of this civilization.

501
00:28:09,855 --> 00:28:12,122
Due to our release through
factories and automobiles

502
00:28:12,157 --> 00:28:16,092
every year of more than 6
billion tons of carbon dioxide.

503
00:28:16,128 --> 00:28:19,029
Our atmosphere seems
to be getting warmer.

504
00:28:19,064 --> 00:28:21,064
This is bad?

505
00:28:21,099 --> 00:28:24,201
Well it's been calculated a few
degrees rise in the earth's

506
00:28:24,236 --> 00:28:28,004
temperature would melt
the polar ice caps.

507
00:28:28,040 --> 00:28:30,874
Fact is, we've known about
this problem for decades

508
00:28:30,909 --> 00:28:33,877
and decades, for
over half a century.

509
00:28:33,912 --> 00:28:37,013
Every day I send you
a thousand times more power

510
00:28:37,049 --> 00:28:39,082
than you use in a year.

511
00:28:39,117 --> 00:28:43,753
Anybody working on getting power
direct from old glow hard here?

512
00:28:43,789 --> 00:28:47,290
Oh yes but not nearly enough,
roll 6b! The solar battery.

513
00:28:47,326 --> 00:28:49,392
Imagine the world right now,

514
00:28:49,428 --> 00:28:52,262
if we had taken the science of
climate change seriously

515
00:28:52,297 --> 00:28:56,166
back then.

516
00:28:56,201 --> 00:28:58,301
But our engineers will
have to build efficient

517
00:28:58,337 --> 00:29:01,972
generators that spread out
over acres, even square miles.

518
00:29:02,007 --> 00:29:06,743
To compete with the cheap coal
and oil still available to us.

519
00:29:06,778 --> 00:29:09,112
Since then,
our population has increased

520
00:29:09,147 --> 00:29:13,383
by almost 5 billion
people and counting.

521
00:29:13,418 --> 00:29:17,354
And China has recently surpassed
the United States as the world's

522
00:29:17,389 --> 00:29:19,256
number one polluter.

523
00:29:21,226 --> 00:29:24,461
The problem has become even
more difficult to solve.

524
00:29:32,271 --> 00:29:33,370
Oh now we're on the
opposite side of the street

525
00:29:33,405 --> 00:29:34,804
again. Ok.

526
00:29:36,308 --> 00:29:37,240
Now we're in a bike lane.

527
00:30:29,461 --> 00:30:32,362
Air-pocalypse, schools
have been shut down,

528
00:30:32,397 --> 00:30:34,531
the toxicity has reached
that worst level.

529
00:32:07,125 --> 00:32:09,025
It's absolutely brilliant,

530
00:32:09,060 --> 00:32:11,928
you don't allow these companies
to operate in the dark.

531
00:32:14,433 --> 00:32:17,867
Chinese media talks
about climate change

532
00:32:17,903 --> 00:32:18,935
on a regular basis.

533
00:32:39,591 --> 00:32:42,325
Is there a giant push
towards solar and wind here,

534
00:32:42,360 --> 00:32:44,027
is that the next step?

535
00:32:44,062 --> 00:32:46,196
China's got some of the
biggest wind and solar companies

536
00:32:46,231 --> 00:32:48,431
in the world now.

537
00:32:48,467 --> 00:32:51,935
Even though China has some
of the largest challenges,

538
00:32:51,970 --> 00:32:56,840
like huge population, China's
gonna prioritize wind and solar

539
00:32:56,875 --> 00:33:00,410
rather than coal.

540
00:33:00,445 --> 00:33:03,813
If China can do it, then I think
the rest of the world can.

541
00:33:09,020 --> 00:33:12,822
China is still heavily
relying on fossil fuels,

542
00:33:12,858 --> 00:33:15,091
but they seem to be
transitioning to renewables

543
00:33:15,126 --> 00:33:19,028
much faster than
anyone anticipated.

544
00:33:19,064 --> 00:33:22,499
The question is, can less
developed countries with rapidly

545
00:33:22,534 --> 00:33:25,935
growing populations make
the same transition?

546
00:33:39,184 --> 00:33:42,318
India is the world's
third largest emitter

547
00:33:42,354 --> 00:33:45,321
yet the country is struggling
with massive power shortages

548
00:33:45,357 --> 00:33:46,956
and rolling blackouts.

549
00:33:46,992 --> 00:33:49,559
India has consistently said
that its biggest priority

550
00:33:49,594 --> 00:33:52,529
is development and bringing
people out of poverty.

551
00:33:58,870 --> 00:34:00,937
We care about climate change.

552
00:34:00,972 --> 00:34:04,307
But the fact is we are a country
where energy access is as much

553
00:34:04,342 --> 00:34:07,110
a challenge as climate change.

554
00:34:07,145 --> 00:34:12,081
We need to make sure that every
Indian has access to energy.

555
00:34:12,117 --> 00:34:16,386
From what I understood
there are 300 million people

556
00:34:16,421 --> 00:34:17,387
without power, without
light here in India.

557
00:34:17,422 --> 00:34:19,355
Yes, yes.

558
00:34:19,391 --> 00:34:21,024
That's equivalent to
the entire population here

559
00:34:21,059 --> 00:34:22,158
of the United States.

560
00:34:30,936 --> 00:34:33,336
Today in villages,
Indian villages you will find

561
00:34:33,371 --> 00:34:38,074
people take cow dung and
they make what is known,

562
00:34:38,109 --> 00:34:40,910
called cow dung cakes
or uples in Hindi,

563
00:34:40,946 --> 00:34:42,812
and they burn those.

564
00:34:42,847 --> 00:34:45,248
And that's their only
source of cooking energy.

565
00:34:45,283 --> 00:34:48,151
So they will make
food now over this.

566
00:35:17,148 --> 00:35:19,582
Coal is cheap whether you
and I like it or not,

567
00:35:19,618 --> 00:35:21,317
coal is cheap.

568
00:35:21,353 --> 00:35:23,519
You have to think about this
from this point of view.

569
00:35:23,555 --> 00:35:25,755
If you created the
problem in the past,

570
00:35:25,790 --> 00:35:28,424
we will create it in the future.

571
00:35:28,460 --> 00:35:32,462
We have 700 million households
who cook using biomass today,

572
00:35:32,497 --> 00:35:35,198
700 million households.

573
00:35:35,233 --> 00:35:39,135
If those households move to coal
you have that much more use

574
00:35:39,170 --> 00:35:43,339
of fossil fuels, then the
entire world is fried.

575
00:35:43,375 --> 00:35:46,342
If anyone gives you this very
cute stuff and tells you,

576
00:35:46,378 --> 00:35:48,578
Oh the world's poor
should move to solar, and,

577
00:35:48,613 --> 00:35:51,180
Why do they have to make the
mistakes that we have made?

578
00:35:51,216 --> 00:35:53,549
I hear this all the time
from American engineers.

579
00:35:53,585 --> 00:35:55,251
And I'm like, wow!

580
00:35:55,286 --> 00:35:58,888
You know, I mean, if it was that
easy I would have really liked

581
00:35:58,923 --> 00:36:02,258
the U.S. to move towards solar,
but you haven't.

582
00:36:02,293 --> 00:36:05,094
Let's put our money
where our mouth is.

583
00:36:05,130 --> 00:36:06,562
We have to practice
what we preach.

584
00:36:06,598 --> 00:36:08,331
Absolutely.

585
00:36:08,366 --> 00:36:10,333
I am sorry to say this,
I know you're an American,

586
00:36:10,368 --> 00:36:13,069
and please don't
take this amiss,

587
00:36:13,104 --> 00:36:17,740
but your consumption is going to
really put a hole in the planet.

588
00:36:17,776 --> 00:36:21,310
And I think that's the
conversation we need to have.

589
00:36:21,346 --> 00:36:24,480
I'll show you charts
from this perspective,

590
00:36:24,516 --> 00:36:28,418
electricity consumed by one
American at home is equivalent

591
00:36:28,453 --> 00:36:32,722
to 1.5 citizens of France,
2.2 citizens of Japan,

592
00:36:32,757 --> 00:36:38,161
and 10 citizens of China,
34 of India, 61 of Nigeria.

593
00:36:38,196 --> 00:36:39,629
Why?

594
00:36:39,664 --> 00:36:42,398
Because you're building
bigger, you're building more

595
00:36:42,434 --> 00:36:44,634
and using much more than before.

596
00:36:44,669 --> 00:36:47,537
The fact is that we need to
put the issue of lifestyle

597
00:36:47,572 --> 00:36:51,607
and consumption at the center
of climate negotiations.

598
00:36:51,643 --> 00:36:54,210
Look I, there is no way
I don't agree with you,

599
00:36:54,245 --> 00:36:55,378
how can you argue that?

600
00:36:55,413 --> 00:36:58,448
You're absolutely
correct and I think yes,

601
00:36:58,483 --> 00:37:01,651
it's a very difficult argument
to present to Americans

602
00:37:01,686 --> 00:37:04,821
that we need to change our
lifestyle and I would also

603
00:37:04,856 --> 00:37:07,190
argue that it's probably
not going to happen.

604
00:37:07,225 --> 00:37:10,526
So we are dependent, if we want
to solve the climate crisis,

605
00:37:10,562 --> 00:37:14,297
on the fact that hopefully
renewables like solar and wind

606
00:37:14,332 --> 00:37:16,799
will become cheaper and cheaper
and cheaper the more money

607
00:37:16,835 --> 00:37:20,436
we funnel into them, the more we
invest into them and ultimately

608
00:37:20,472 --> 00:37:22,438
it will solve that problem.

609
00:37:22,474 --> 00:37:26,275
But I, you're shaking
your head obviously.

610
00:37:26,311 --> 00:37:28,811
I'm shaking my head
Indian style which means no.

611
00:37:28,847 --> 00:37:30,346
Right.

612
00:37:30,381 --> 00:37:32,081
Who will invest, Leo?

613
00:37:32,117 --> 00:37:33,182
Let's be real about this,

614
00:37:33,218 --> 00:37:36,185
who will invest and how
will you invest in it?

615
00:37:36,221 --> 00:37:39,122
We are doing more
investment in solar today,

616
00:37:39,157 --> 00:37:42,625
China is doing much more
investment in solar today

617
00:37:42,660 --> 00:37:44,327
than the U.S. is.

618
00:37:44,362 --> 00:37:46,462
What is the U.S. doing
which the rest of the world

619
00:37:46,498 --> 00:37:47,630
can learn from?

620
00:37:47,665 --> 00:37:49,665
You're a fossil-addicted
country,

621
00:37:49,701 --> 00:37:52,502
but if you are seriously
disengaging it's something

622
00:37:52,537 --> 00:37:54,203
for us to learn from.

623
00:37:54,239 --> 00:37:56,506
And it will be leadership
that we can all hold up

624
00:37:56,541 --> 00:37:59,776
to our government and say
listen if the U.S. can do it

625
00:37:59,811 --> 00:38:02,678
and the U.S. is doing it,
in spite of all their pressures,

626
00:38:02,714 --> 00:38:03,713
we can do it as well.

627
00:38:07,485 --> 00:38:09,619
The sad part of it is,
it's just not happening.

628
00:38:13,158 --> 00:38:17,727
And people like me, we are
rich enough to withstand

629
00:38:17,762 --> 00:38:24,400
the first hit of climate change
but it's the poor of India,

630
00:38:24,435 --> 00:38:28,304
it's the poor of Africa,
it's the poor of Bangladesh,

631
00:38:28,339 --> 00:38:32,775
who are impacted today by what
I believe is the first signs

632
00:38:32,811 --> 00:38:33,576
of climate change.

633
00:38:45,824 --> 00:38:47,857
So February and March,
which is when the crops

634
00:38:47,892 --> 00:38:51,561
are standing, they got
half the year's rainfall

635
00:38:51,596 --> 00:38:54,197
in just five hours.

636
00:38:54,232 --> 00:38:56,532
Half the year's
rainfall in five hours?

637
00:38:56,568 --> 00:38:58,334
So these crops
are all destroyed?

638
00:38:58,369 --> 00:39:00,136
Yeah destroyed.

639
00:39:00,171 --> 00:39:03,706
Your back is breaking doing this
and then you get one unseasonal

640
00:39:03,741 --> 00:39:06,509
rainfall, it's absolutely
like the last straw

641
00:39:06,544 --> 00:39:10,313
on the camel's back.

642
00:39:10,348 --> 00:39:13,649
And we need countries to believe
that climate change is real

643
00:39:13,685 --> 00:39:15,051
and urgent.

644
00:39:15,086 --> 00:39:17,553
It's not a figment
of their imagination.

645
00:39:28,233 --> 00:39:30,733
The U.S. has been the
biggest emitter of greenhouse

646
00:39:30,768 --> 00:39:35,238
gases in history, and there's no
doubt that we've all benefited

647
00:39:35,273 --> 00:39:38,307
from fossil fuels.

648
00:39:38,343 --> 00:39:40,209
I know I have.

649
00:39:43,848 --> 00:39:48,317
My footprint is probably a lot
bigger than most people's,

650
00:39:48,353 --> 00:39:51,187
and there are times
when I question,

651
00:39:51,222 --> 00:39:53,656
what is the right thing to do?

652
00:39:53,691 --> 00:39:57,426
What actions should
we be taking?

653
00:39:57,462 --> 00:40:00,663
There are over a billion people
out there without electricity,

654
00:40:00,698 --> 00:40:02,765
and they want lights,
they want heat,

655
00:40:02,800 --> 00:40:05,768
they want the lifestyle that
we've had in the United States

656
00:40:05,803 --> 00:40:08,704
for the last hundred years.

657
00:40:08,740 --> 00:40:11,140
If we're gonna
solve this problem,

658
00:40:11,175 --> 00:40:15,845
we all have a responsibility
to set an example,

659
00:40:15,880 --> 00:40:21,217
and more than that, help the
developing world transition

660
00:40:21,252 --> 00:40:22,718
before it's too late.

661
00:40:38,236 --> 00:40:42,538
We are seeing events that
we did not see in the past.

662
00:40:42,573 --> 00:40:46,642
It's not about when the entire
islands are underwater.

663
00:40:46,678 --> 00:40:51,580
It's well before then is
going to be the crisis.

664
00:40:51,616 --> 00:40:52,748
And it's already happening.

665
00:40:56,955 --> 00:41:03,659
What we are facing at the
moment is severe flooding.

666
00:41:03,695 --> 00:41:06,529
It's gone into the fresh water
ponds and that's how people

667
00:41:06,564 --> 00:41:07,830
get their drinking water.

668
00:41:10,468 --> 00:41:12,068
Have you spoken with
people in the scientific

669
00:41:12,103 --> 00:41:15,972
community that have given you
some sort of a time frame?

670
00:41:16,007 --> 00:41:18,641
Given the scenarios and
the projections put forward

671
00:41:18,676 --> 00:41:22,778
by the science, our
islands will be underwater,

672
00:41:22,814 --> 00:41:27,083
and so the question is,
what do we do about it?

673
00:41:27,118 --> 00:41:30,052
At the moment, internally, we
are relocating our communities

674
00:41:30,088 --> 00:41:32,021
from certain parts of the
island to where the water

675
00:41:32,056 --> 00:41:34,690
has not come up.

676
00:41:34,726 --> 00:41:36,926
But our long-term strategy
is something that I've been

677
00:41:36,961 --> 00:41:39,829
discussing internationally,
because we,

678
00:41:39,864 --> 00:41:44,800
we have to come to accept the
reality that we may not be able

679
00:41:44,836 --> 00:41:47,069
to accommodate
all of our people.

680
00:41:48,072 --> 00:41:51,741
We have adopted a policy
of migration with dignity.

681
00:41:51,776 --> 00:41:54,477
We bought a piece
of land in Fiji,

682
00:41:54,512 --> 00:41:59,582
so that if our people choose to
migrate today, they can do it.

683
00:41:59,617 --> 00:42:00,816
Hmm.

684
00:42:00,852 --> 00:42:02,518
They must do it
as a matter of choice.

685
00:42:02,553 --> 00:42:03,686
I've got grandchildren.

686
00:42:03,721 --> 00:42:05,588
I've got 12 grandchildren.

687
00:42:05,623 --> 00:42:08,958
I'd like to be able to,
to go away knowing that

688
00:42:08,993 --> 00:42:10,726
they will continue
to have a home.

689
00:42:19,637 --> 00:42:21,871
Islands in the Pacific,

690
00:42:21,906 --> 00:42:23,672
we're a paradise in peril.

691
00:42:26,778 --> 00:42:29,545
Throughout Palau we have
sea level rise coming

692
00:42:29,580 --> 00:42:32,715
into the farmlands,
coming into the homes.

693
00:42:32,750 --> 00:42:34,617
This is unbelievable.

694
00:42:34,652 --> 00:42:37,953
When was this an intact
island with homes on it?

695
00:42:37,989 --> 00:42:39,121
How long ago?

696
00:42:39,157 --> 00:42:40,890
12 years ago,
when you came,

697
00:42:40,925 --> 00:42:42,024
there were people living here.

698
00:42:42,060 --> 00:42:46,862
So, within the 12-year
period this is the result.

699
00:42:46,898 --> 00:42:50,132
It's just a small
picture of one place.

700
00:42:50,168 --> 00:42:53,736
The small island nations
who contribute the least

701
00:42:53,771 --> 00:42:56,505
to the causes of climate change,

702
00:42:56,541 --> 00:42:59,909
are actually going to feel
the worst uh, impacts.

703
00:42:59,944 --> 00:43:03,746
The worst scenarios
because of global warming.

704
00:43:14,225 --> 00:43:16,725
What we've done to the
rest of the world is just,

705
00:43:16,761 --> 00:43:17,993
it's criminal.

706
00:43:20,898 --> 00:43:22,731
It's not just sea level rise.

707
00:43:25,937 --> 00:43:29,572
We've taken these coastal
ecosystems that used to be

708
00:43:29,607 --> 00:43:33,642
dominated by incredibly
abundant fish,

709
00:43:33,678 --> 00:43:38,180
and we've knocked the whole
system down reversing

710
00:43:38,216 --> 00:43:40,216
half a billion
years of evolution.

711
00:43:43,187 --> 00:43:49,125
One billion people depend on
fisheries from coral reefs

712
00:43:49,160 --> 00:43:52,194
for virtually all of
their protein.

713
00:43:52,230 --> 00:43:53,762
One billion people.

714
00:44:14,986 --> 00:44:20,890
Here we are, we're on what was
a pretty healthy coral reef.

715
00:44:20,925 --> 00:44:23,759
What's missing?

716
00:44:23,794 --> 00:44:26,562
You see almost nothing
swimming around.

717
00:44:26,597 --> 00:44:29,098
Is this a dying coral reef?

718
00:44:29,133 --> 00:44:30,599
I think this reef has had it.

719
00:44:33,905 --> 00:44:38,140
We're pushing the system really
hard and that is a serious enemy

720
00:44:38,176 --> 00:44:41,177
to the health of corals
and their ability to grow.

721
00:44:41,212 --> 00:44:42,878
Mhm.

722
00:44:42,914 --> 00:44:46,715
It's causing loss
of people's livelihoods.

723
00:44:46,751 --> 00:44:50,019
It's causing starvation.

724
00:44:50,054 --> 00:44:51,954
This is happening all over.

725
00:44:51,989 --> 00:44:53,722
Oh yeah, absolutely.

726
00:44:53,758 --> 00:44:57,259
I think reefs as we know them
are gonna virtually disappear.

727
00:45:00,932 --> 00:45:03,832
The oceans are like this big
buffer because they absorb

728
00:45:03,868 --> 00:45:06,435
carbon dioxide.

729
00:45:06,470 --> 00:45:09,872
They take up about a third
of the CO2 that we dump

730
00:45:09,907 --> 00:45:12,641
into the atmosphere.

731
00:45:12,677 --> 00:45:18,681
So because of that, they are a
stabilizing force in climate.

732
00:45:18,716 --> 00:45:23,452
The problem is the ocean can't
do its job fast enough

733
00:45:23,487 --> 00:45:27,957
with this absurd rate of
carbon dioxide emissions.

734
00:45:29,560 --> 00:45:32,161
You know, life isn't gonna
disappear in the ocean.

735
00:45:32,196 --> 00:45:34,663
There will always be
life in the ocean,

736
00:45:34,699 --> 00:45:36,832
but it's not gonna be
necessarily the kind of life

737
00:45:36,867 --> 00:45:38,467
we want.

738
00:45:38,502 --> 00:45:41,503
We could go back to 3 billion
years ago and have just

739
00:45:41,539 --> 00:45:42,771
a whole lot of slime.

740
00:45:48,112 --> 00:45:51,480
We're taking away the
ecosystems that normally help us

741
00:45:51,515 --> 00:45:51,847
to restabilize the climate.

742
00:45:54,717 --> 00:46:00,421
Like oceans, rainforests absorb
carbon from our atmosphere.

743
00:46:00,456 --> 00:46:03,724
Decades and decades of the
forests breathing in the carbon,

744
00:46:03,759 --> 00:46:07,862
storing it in the trunks and the
leaves and the organic matter.

745
00:46:07,897 --> 00:46:12,499
Those carbon emissions are
being held safe for us.

746
00:46:12,535 --> 00:46:14,869
Until we clear them,
and light them on fire.

747
00:46:18,007 --> 00:46:22,977
It acts like a carbon bomb
and releases massive carbon

748
00:46:23,012 --> 00:46:26,113
emissions back into
the atmosphere.

749
00:46:29,752 --> 00:46:32,853
Wow, this haze
is intense isn't it?

750
00:46:43,266 --> 00:46:44,565
You can't see anything here!

751
00:46:44,600 --> 00:46:45,833
This is scary.

752
00:46:48,504 --> 00:46:50,537
This isn't natural?
This is all fire?

753
00:46:50,573 --> 00:46:53,607
This is not natural at all.

754
00:46:53,643 --> 00:46:54,875
I've never seen anything like this.

755
00:47:00,583 --> 00:47:02,650
There are three big
tropical rainforest areas

756
00:47:02,685 --> 00:47:04,385
left in the world.

757
00:47:04,420 --> 00:47:09,323
The Amazon in South America,
the Congo Basin in Africa,

758
00:47:09,358 --> 00:47:11,325
and the South East Asian
rainforest which spans

759
00:47:11,360 --> 00:47:13,761
Indonesia.

760
00:47:13,796 --> 00:47:18,365
In Indonesia, we're seeing
fires being intentionally set

761
00:47:18,401 --> 00:47:22,102
in order to create palm
oil plantations,

762
00:47:22,138 --> 00:47:26,173
which grow the cheapest
vegetable oil in the world.

763
00:47:26,208 --> 00:47:28,642
It's in cooking oils,
in processed foods,

764
00:47:28,678 --> 00:47:31,445
in your cosmetics,
in your detergents.

765
00:47:31,480 --> 00:47:36,317
This really cheap commodity is
making companies tremendous

766
00:47:36,352 --> 00:47:37,284
profits.

767
00:47:48,230 --> 00:47:50,331
Just as far as you can see.

768
00:47:50,366 --> 00:47:52,166
Rows of palm oil.

769
00:47:53,502 --> 00:47:57,471
They have destroyed so much of
this forest, it's unbelievable.

770
00:48:19,695 --> 00:48:21,128
What a beauty!

771
00:49:07,209 --> 00:49:08,776
I can't even comprehend
what these forests

772
00:49:08,811 --> 00:49:11,011
must have looked like.

773
00:49:11,047 --> 00:49:14,481
Forests where rhino and elephant
and orangutan would be populated

774
00:49:14,517 --> 00:49:16,150
into the thousands.

775
00:49:26,328 --> 00:49:29,363
These guys area byproduct
of the forest lost

776
00:49:29,398 --> 00:49:31,565
because of the
palm oil industry.

777
00:49:31,600 --> 00:49:33,667
You know, they're effectively
refugees from forests

778
00:49:33,702 --> 00:49:36,103
that no longer exist.

779
00:49:36,138 --> 00:49:38,105
Wow,
that's a good grip.

780
00:49:38,140 --> 00:49:38,739
Yeah!

781
00:49:38,774 --> 00:49:40,407
Strong.

782
00:49:40,443 --> 00:49:42,676
Hey, I'm gonna get you some
fruit, don't be scared.

783
00:49:42,711 --> 00:49:45,045
The carrot or the fruit?

784
00:49:45,081 --> 00:49:47,815
Definitely the fruit, that's
what you guys are after, huh?

785
00:49:47,850 --> 00:49:49,283
There you go.

786
00:49:49,318 --> 00:49:50,851
Do you like carrots?
Or, not so much?

787
00:49:53,122 --> 00:49:54,621
Oh my God.

788
00:49:54,657 --> 00:49:55,489
These are amazing.

789
00:49:58,427 --> 00:50:00,360
Aw.

790
00:50:06,202 --> 00:50:07,501
I always remind people
when they go,

791
00:50:07,536 --> 00:50:10,504
Aw, the poor thing, you know,
these are the lucky survivors.

792
00:50:10,539 --> 00:50:12,506
What happens to all the other orangutan?

793
00:50:12,541 --> 00:50:13,640
You know,all the others are dead.

794
00:50:15,744 --> 00:50:18,312
And the reason people are
chopping down the forest

795
00:50:18,347 --> 00:50:20,380
to plant palm oil plantations
is because people keep buying

796
00:50:20,416 --> 00:50:22,716
the stuff.

797
00:50:22,751 --> 00:50:26,120
People have to realize that what
they do in their supermarket,

798
00:50:26,155 --> 00:50:28,288
the decisions they make
in their daily lives,

799
00:50:28,324 --> 00:50:30,891
are affecting places like
the Leuser ecosystem.

800
00:50:33,496 --> 00:50:36,430
If palm oil is in almost
everything we buy,

801
00:50:36,465 --> 00:50:39,166
how are consumers
supposed to avoid this?

802
00:50:40,736 --> 00:50:44,571
If these products have
such a devastating impact,

803
00:50:44,607 --> 00:50:47,174
why aren't governments setting
restrictions to prevent

804
00:50:47,209 --> 00:50:50,310
these big corporations
from destroying the planet

805
00:50:50,346 --> 00:50:52,212
just so they can save money?

806
00:50:56,352 --> 00:51:00,320
If you want something
that you can do without

807
00:51:00,356 --> 00:51:02,589
appealing to any
higher authorities,

808
00:51:02,625 --> 00:51:07,628
such as government or whatever,
I can't think of an easier, um,

809
00:51:07,663 --> 00:51:09,830
out, than changing your diet.

810
00:51:09,865 --> 00:51:11,398
You can start tonight.

811
00:51:13,869 --> 00:51:15,702
So you're a scientist
who studies the effects

812
00:51:15,738 --> 00:51:19,273
of agriculture on climate, but
you grew up raising cattle

813
00:51:19,308 --> 00:51:20,841
and taking them to
slaughter, right?

814
00:51:20,876 --> 00:51:23,710
I'm a scientist, that's
the most important thing.

815
00:51:23,746 --> 00:51:28,615
So, of all the reasons for
tropical deforestation,

816
00:51:28,651 --> 00:51:32,286
the foremost is beef.

817
00:51:32,321 --> 00:51:36,156
And beef is one of the most
inefficient uses of resources

818
00:51:36,192 --> 00:51:39,193
on the planet.

819
00:51:39,228 --> 00:51:45,098
In the U.S., 47 percent of land
is used for food production,

820
00:51:45,134 --> 00:51:49,870
and of that, the lion's share is
just to grow feed for cattle.

821
00:51:49,905 --> 00:51:54,474
The things that we actually eat,
like fruit, vegetable, nuts,

822
00:51:54,510 --> 00:51:56,777
it's a percent.

823
00:51:56,812 --> 00:51:59,546
Most importantly,
cows produce methane,

824
00:51:59,582 --> 00:52:03,517
and methane is a
powerful greenhouse gas.

825
00:52:03,552 --> 00:52:07,588
The way cows produce methane is
they eat as much as they can,

826
00:52:07,623 --> 00:52:11,558
and when they are chewing, a
whole bunch of methane is burped

827
00:52:11,594 --> 00:52:15,329
through the mouth uh,
into the atmosphere.

828
00:52:15,364 --> 00:52:18,465
The atmosphere has
much more CO2 in it.

829
00:52:18,500 --> 00:52:23,070
But Methane is far
more impactful.

830
00:52:23,105 --> 00:52:26,773
Every molecule of methane is
equivalent to 23 molecules

831
00:52:26,809 --> 00:52:28,075
of CO2.

832
00:52:28,110 --> 00:52:31,111
And of the methane
in the atmosphere,

833
00:52:31,146 --> 00:52:33,814
nearly all of it is
due to livestock.

834
00:52:33,849 --> 00:52:36,817
In comparison to emissions
from other sources,

835
00:52:36,852 --> 00:52:40,087
what kind of percentage
are we talking about come from

836
00:52:40,122 --> 00:52:41,321
the consumption of beef?

837
00:52:41,357 --> 00:52:45,292
About 10, 12 percent of the total U.S.

838
00:52:45,327 --> 00:52:48,862
emissions is due to beef.

839
00:52:48,897 --> 00:52:50,564
It's staggering.

840
00:52:50,599 --> 00:52:54,568
But it's very easy to
envision a dietary shift,

841
00:52:54,603 --> 00:52:57,804
even as minor as
switching, let's say,

842
00:52:57,840 --> 00:52:59,706
from beef to an alternative.

843
00:52:59,742 --> 00:53:01,608
Let's say even chicken.

844
00:53:01,644 --> 00:53:05,479
The chicken will require
20 percent of the land,

845
00:53:05,514 --> 00:53:09,149
and 10 percent of the
greenhouse gas emissions.

846
00:53:09,184 --> 00:53:12,352
And if you compare, rice,
or potato, or wheat,

847
00:53:12,388 --> 00:53:17,291
beef requires 50
times as much land.

848
00:53:17,326 --> 00:53:19,226
So even cutting the
amount of beef that you eat

849
00:53:19,261 --> 00:53:21,728
in half, or by a quarter, could
make a significant difference.

850
00:53:21,764 --> 00:53:23,330
It, very significant.

851
00:53:23,365 --> 00:53:25,399
Do you, do you at all
think that that's even

852
00:53:25,434 --> 00:53:28,268
a possibility considering
that beef is so a part

853
00:53:28,304 --> 00:53:30,570
of our culture?

854
00:53:30,606 --> 00:53:33,473
Maybe not everybody's ready
to eat tofu, you know,

855
00:53:33,509 --> 00:53:34,541
24/7.

856
00:53:34,576 --> 00:53:36,143
I get that.

857
00:53:36,178 --> 00:53:39,212
But even if you just have to
have some flesh between

858
00:53:39,248 --> 00:53:42,816
your teeth, if you
switch to chicken,

859
00:53:42,851 --> 00:53:46,420
you will have eliminated 80
percent of you what you emit,

860
00:53:46,455 --> 00:53:48,689
depending on where
you are coming from.

861
00:53:48,724 --> 00:53:51,591
Let's face it, it's fairly
easy to switch your diet

862
00:53:51,627 --> 00:53:53,560
from one choice to another.

863
00:54:12,114 --> 00:54:13,513
While working
on the Revenant,

864
00:54:13,549 --> 00:54:16,483
which is about man's
struggle with the elements,

865
00:54:16,518 --> 00:54:21,421
we shot on location in
the Canadian snow belt.

866
00:54:21,457 --> 00:54:25,292
The irony was we were hit
in with record temperatures

867
00:54:25,327 --> 00:54:29,329
that completely melted our set.

868
00:54:35,404 --> 00:54:37,738
In order to finish
making the movie,

869
00:54:37,773 --> 00:54:41,241
we had to relocate halfway
around the world just to find

870
00:54:41,276 --> 00:54:42,843
snow.

871
00:54:54,189 --> 00:54:55,389
The fact that we have to come,

872
00:54:55,424 --> 00:54:58,358
200 people in the
middle of the summer,

873
00:54:58,394 --> 00:55:01,461
to the winter in
Southern Ushuaia,

874
00:55:01,497 --> 00:55:04,297
9000 miles from where we're
supposed to be shooting

875
00:55:04,333 --> 00:55:09,136
this three months ago, chasing
ice, is because it's melting.

876
00:55:09,171 --> 00:55:13,440
It was a very, very warm winter.

877
00:55:13,475 --> 00:55:16,276
We came down to the
southern tip of our continent

878
00:55:16,311 --> 00:55:19,579
besides the South Pole, to
film this, cause this is where

879
00:55:19,615 --> 00:55:22,449
this, this, the last
snow is left.

880
00:55:22,484 --> 00:55:24,651
I think that, my point
of view I was saying

881
00:55:24,686 --> 00:55:28,188
to my, to my son, I said,
you know, it's funny that,

882
00:55:28,223 --> 00:55:30,657
it's very sad but
probably for you kids,

883
00:55:30,692 --> 00:55:34,261
to see snow will be a
super eccentric adventure.

884
00:55:34,296 --> 00:55:37,531
A few people will be able
to see snow in the future.

885
00:55:53,615 --> 00:55:59,319
I feel like I'm in
some weird, surreal movie.

886
00:55:59,354 --> 00:56:03,223
I honestly look around, and I
think, when I have children,

887
00:56:03,258 --> 00:56:06,126
everything that we
now take for granted,

888
00:56:06,161 --> 00:56:10,397
our planet and all of its
biodiversity and beauty.

889
00:56:10,432 --> 00:56:13,333
Everything in the future
is gonna be different.

890
00:56:23,479 --> 00:56:28,315
Every single light that you see
has to be completely different.

891
00:56:28,350 --> 00:56:30,350
It has to come from a
different power source.

892
00:56:30,385 --> 00:56:32,953
We need to build all
those things differently,

893
00:56:32,988 --> 00:56:36,223
all the cars that are on the
road need to be different.

894
00:56:36,258 --> 00:56:40,360
And this is one city, and
if you zoom out onto a large map

895
00:56:40,395 --> 00:56:43,797
of planet earth at night,
you see electrification

896
00:56:43,832 --> 00:56:45,365
all over the world.

897
00:56:47,936 --> 00:56:50,770
And we're fighting powerful
fossil fuel interests

898
00:56:50,806 --> 00:56:53,507
that basically want to keep
doing business as usual.

899
00:56:55,544 --> 00:56:58,211
How can we possibly
turn this all around?

900
00:57:00,449 --> 00:57:02,115
The fossil fuel industry
is the biggest industry

901
00:57:02,150 --> 00:57:03,850
in the world.

902
00:57:03,886 --> 00:57:07,020
They have more money and more
influence than any other sector,

903
00:57:07,055 --> 00:57:11,024
so I mean, the more that there
can be sort of popular uprising

904
00:57:11,059 --> 00:57:13,193
against that, the better.

905
00:57:13,228 --> 00:57:15,896
But I think the scientific
fact of the matter is,

906
00:57:15,931 --> 00:57:20,333
we are unavoidably headed
towards some level of, of harm.

907
00:57:20,369 --> 00:57:22,335
So, the sooner we
can take action,

908
00:57:22,371 --> 00:57:24,938
the less harm will result.

909
00:57:29,411 --> 00:57:31,344
Wow. Holy crap.

910
00:57:31,380 --> 00:57:33,246
That's a good robot.

911
00:57:33,282 --> 00:57:35,715
Whoa!

912
00:57:35,751 --> 00:57:38,218
What is your grand
vision for all of this?

913
00:57:38,253 --> 00:57:40,086
The point of the
Gigafactory is to get the cost

914
00:57:40,122 --> 00:57:42,355
of batteries down to the
point where it's affordable.

915
00:57:42,391 --> 00:57:44,190
Right.

916
00:57:44,226 --> 00:57:46,993
Batteries are critical to
the sustainable energy future.

917
00:57:47,029 --> 00:57:48,762
The sun doesn't shine
all the time, so,

918
00:57:48,797 --> 00:57:51,331
you've got to store
it in a battery.

919
00:57:51,366 --> 00:57:53,833
How is this gonna help
developing nations that

920
00:57:53,869 --> 00:57:57,103
have massive populations
that need to have power?

921
00:57:57,139 --> 00:57:59,806
So, the advantage of
solar and batteries is that

922
00:57:59,841 --> 00:58:02,409
you can avoid building
electricity plants at all.

923
00:58:02,444 --> 00:58:05,445
So you could be in a remote
village and have solar panels

924
00:58:05,480 --> 00:58:09,015
that charge a battery pack, that
then supplies power to the,

925
00:58:09,051 --> 00:58:12,085
to the whole village,
without ever having to run

926
00:58:12,120 --> 00:58:15,088
thousands of miles of high
voltage cable over the place.

927
00:58:15,123 --> 00:58:16,756
It's like, what happened with

928
00:58:16,792 --> 00:58:19,726
landline phones versus
cellular phones,

929
00:58:19,761 --> 00:58:21,161
in a lot of developed
countries they just didn't do

930
00:58:21,196 --> 00:58:23,496
the landline phones, they just
went straight to cellular.

931
00:58:25,200 --> 00:58:26,833
And we actually did the
calculations today, like,

932
00:58:26,868 --> 00:58:29,903
what would it take to transition
the whole world to, uh,

933
00:58:29,938 --> 00:58:31,271
sustainable energy.

934
00:58:31,306 --> 00:58:33,873
What kind of throughput
would you actually need?

935
00:58:33,909 --> 00:58:36,943
Um, and you'd need
100 gigafactories. So.

936
00:58:36,979 --> 00:58:37,978
100 of these?

937
00:58:38,013 --> 00:58:39,279
100 of these, yes.

938
00:58:39,314 --> 00:58:41,147
That would make the United States.

939
00:58:41,183 --> 00:58:42,415
No, the whole world.

940
00:58:42,451 --> 00:58:43,216
The whole world?

941
00:58:43,251 --> 00:58:44,284
The whole world.

942
00:58:44,319 --> 00:58:46,019
All energy.

943
00:58:46,054 --> 00:58:48,021
That's it?!
Yeah.

944
00:58:48,056 --> 00:58:48,955
That sounds,
that doesn't sound.

945
00:58:48,991 --> 00:58:49,823
It's manageable.

946
00:58:49,858 --> 00:58:51,091
That sounds manageable.

947
00:58:51,126 --> 00:58:51,791
Yeah.

948
00:58:54,363 --> 00:58:56,262
The Gigafactory,
when it's complete,

949
00:58:56,298 --> 00:59:00,266
will have the largest footprint
of any building in the world.

950
00:59:00,302 --> 00:59:02,302
Counting multiple levels, it
could be as much as 15 million

951
00:59:02,337 --> 00:59:05,138
square feet.

952
00:59:05,173 --> 00:59:09,209
So, Tesla can't build
100 gigafactories.

953
00:59:09,244 --> 00:59:11,144
The thing that's really gonna
make a difference is if

954
00:59:11,179 --> 00:59:13,947
companies that are much bigger
than Tesla do the same thing.

955
00:59:13,982 --> 00:59:17,884
If the big industrial companies
in China, and U.S., and Europe,

956
00:59:17,919 --> 00:59:20,754
the big car companies,
if they also do this,

957
00:59:20,789 --> 00:59:23,757
then collectively we can
accelerate the transition

958
00:59:23,792 --> 00:59:25,258
to sustainable energy.

959
00:59:25,293 --> 00:59:28,128
And if government sets the rules
to favor sustainable energy,

960
00:59:28,163 --> 00:59:31,164
we can get there really quickly.

961
00:59:31,199 --> 00:59:32,399
But it's really fundamental.

962
00:59:32,434 --> 00:59:35,068
Unless there's a
price put on carbon.

963
00:59:35,103 --> 00:59:36,703
We're never gonna be
able to make the transition

964
00:59:36,738 --> 00:59:38,271
that we need to in time.
Correct?

965
00:59:38,306 --> 00:59:40,006
Yeah.

966
00:59:40,042 --> 00:59:43,209
And the only way to do that is
basically with a carbon tax.

967
00:59:43,245 --> 00:59:46,179
Okay, now walk me t
hrough a carbon tax,

968
00:59:46,214 --> 00:59:48,181
which is what you're saying,
is the silver bullet

969
00:59:48,216 --> 00:59:49,883
for climate change.

970
00:59:49,918 --> 00:59:52,252
Well the carbon tax
would be basically a tax on

971
00:59:52,287 --> 00:59:55,321
any kind of activity that put
carbon into the atmosphere.

972
00:59:57,359 --> 00:59:59,325
So when you tax something,
you raise the price,

973
00:59:59,361 --> 01:00:01,361
people are gonna tend
to consume less of it.

974
01:00:01,396 --> 01:00:03,797
In fact that's sort of lesson
number one of economics.

975
01:00:03,832 --> 01:00:05,799
So you're teaching
economics at Harvard,

976
01:00:05,834 --> 01:00:08,401
and you literally wrote the
book on contemporary economics,

977
01:00:08,437 --> 01:00:10,103
right?

978
01:00:10,138 --> 01:00:11,237
Well if I'm teaching
the course for many years,

979
01:00:11,273 --> 01:00:12,539
I might as well write the
textbook to go with it.

980
01:00:12,574 --> 01:00:15,041
So just to be clear,
you've worked with a lot of

981
01:00:15,077 --> 01:00:19,079
Republican heavyweights,
John McCain, Mitt Romney,

982
01:00:19,114 --> 01:00:21,848
and you worked for George Bush
when he became president.

983
01:00:21,883 --> 01:00:24,884
I was chairman of the
council of economic advisors.

984
01:00:24,920 --> 01:00:27,353
So how come we don't
have a carbon tax already?

985
01:00:27,389 --> 01:00:28,488
Politicians don't always
do what professors

986
01:00:28,523 --> 01:00:29,789
want them to do.

987
01:00:32,160 --> 01:00:34,360
So the basic idea is that
we wanna tax bad activities

988
01:00:34,396 --> 01:00:38,164
that have negative side effects
on other people in society.

989
01:00:38,200 --> 01:00:40,166
So we'd raise the price of
cigarettes by putting a tax

990
01:00:40,202 --> 01:00:43,470
on cigarettes, people are
gonna consume fewer cigarettes.

991
01:00:43,505 --> 01:00:46,239
Climate change involves a
variety of negative side effects

992
01:00:46,274 --> 01:00:47,474
and costs.

993
01:00:52,814 --> 01:00:56,850
A carbon tax forces people to
take account of those costs.

994
01:00:56,885 --> 01:01:00,520
I think trying to appeal to
people's social responsibility

995
01:01:00,555 --> 01:01:03,123
is really very, very hard,
because people have complicated

996
01:01:03,158 --> 01:01:04,891
lives and they have lots
of things to worry about,

997
01:01:04,926 --> 01:01:06,726
they don't want to have to
think about climate change

998
01:01:06,762 --> 01:01:08,328
every time they do every
decision. They can't.

999
01:01:10,799 --> 01:01:12,398
And every time you turn on your
car, are you supposed to think,

1000
01:01:12,434 --> 01:01:14,200
Uh oh, what am I
doing to the climate?

1001
01:01:16,872 --> 01:01:19,339
What the carbon tax does is it
nudges them in the direction

1002
01:01:19,374 --> 01:01:21,074
of doing the right thing.

1003
01:01:21,109 --> 01:01:22,108
So lemme get this straight.

1004
01:01:22,144 --> 01:01:25,912
You're a Republican,
who wants more taxes?

1005
01:01:25,947 --> 01:01:27,380
Well, one of the important
things to keep in mind

1006
01:01:27,415 --> 01:01:29,315
is that if you
have a carbon tax,

1007
01:01:29,351 --> 01:01:32,152
you can turn around and cut
other taxes in response.

1008
01:01:32,187 --> 01:01:34,921
For example, payroll taxes.

1009
01:01:34,956 --> 01:01:37,490
This is a tax shift rather
than a tax increase.

1010
01:01:37,526 --> 01:01:40,360
So is it possible to
ever pass a carbon tax now,

1011
01:01:40,395 --> 01:01:43,196
given the current
political situation?

1012
01:01:43,231 --> 01:01:45,064
I mean, half the people in
office still don't believe

1013
01:01:45,100 --> 01:01:47,000
in climate change.

1014
01:01:47,035 --> 01:01:48,768
Yes we can!

1015
01:01:48,804 --> 01:01:50,970
During the campaign,
President Obama didn't wanna say

1016
01:01:51,006 --> 01:01:53,006
the word carbon tax, because
it would poll terribly.

1017
01:01:56,011 --> 01:01:58,545
If we wanna change the
president's view of carbon

1018
01:01:58,580 --> 01:02:02,382
taxes, we need to change the
public's view of carbon taxes.

1019
01:02:02,417 --> 01:02:03,883
Think of gay marriage.

1020
01:02:03,919 --> 01:02:06,152
Remember Barack Obama ran
against gay marriage.

1021
01:02:06,188 --> 01:02:09,222
I, uh, am not a
supporter of gay marriage.

1022
01:02:09,257 --> 01:02:10,790
When did he switch?

1023
01:02:10,826 --> 01:02:11,991
When the polls
started switching.

1024
01:02:12,027 --> 01:02:13,927
I think same-sex
couples should be able

1025
01:02:13,962 --> 01:02:15,762
to get married.

1026
01:02:15,797 --> 01:02:17,030
Politicians, whether we call
them our elected leaders,

1027
01:02:17,065 --> 01:02:18,431
are really our
elected followers.

1028
01:02:18,466 --> 01:02:21,201
They do what the
people want them to do.

1029
01:02:21,236 --> 01:02:22,769
We need to preach to
the American people.

1030
01:02:22,804 --> 01:02:24,070
Once the American
people are convinced,

1031
01:02:24,105 --> 01:02:26,339
the politicians will fall
in line very quickly.

1032
01:02:29,144 --> 01:02:31,010
President Obama and representatives from nearly

1033
01:02:31,046 --> 01:02:34,480
200 other countries are trying
to reach an agreement to keep

1034
01:02:34,516 --> 01:02:37,217
global warming in check.

1035
01:02:37,252 --> 01:02:39,853
In December, the world
will come together at the U.N.

1036
01:02:39,888 --> 01:02:43,489
Climate Conference in Paris,
and we will see whether or not

1037
01:02:43,525 --> 01:02:46,326
we can muster the collective
political will to reach

1038
01:02:46,361 --> 01:02:49,762
an ambitious, comprehensive
agreement.

1039
01:02:49,798 --> 01:02:50,830
This is a critical year.

1040
01:02:52,934 --> 01:02:54,868
Leo. How you doing, man?

1041
01:02:54,903 --> 01:02:56,769
Thank you for your time,
I really appreciate it.

1042
01:02:56,805 --> 01:02:59,472
Last time we had a hug
everybody had a, did you see,

1043
01:02:59,507 --> 01:03:01,307
it was all over the thing?
It was pretty dangerous.

1044
01:03:01,343 --> 01:03:03,543
Oh, really?
Oh, yes I remember that.

1045
01:03:03,578 --> 01:03:06,045
I forgot about that!

1046
01:03:06,081 --> 01:03:08,047
Good to see you, Secretary.

1047
01:03:08,083 --> 01:03:11,784
So, after decades of
failed negotiations,

1048
01:03:11,820 --> 01:03:15,488
what makes this negotiation
different from all the rest?

1049
01:03:15,523 --> 01:03:19,259
I remember the footage of
George Bush Sr. saying

1050
01:03:19,294 --> 01:03:22,128
we've just learned about this
thing called global warming.

1051
01:03:22,163 --> 01:03:25,131
We come to Rio proud of
what we've accomplished

1052
01:03:25,166 --> 01:03:28,801
and committed to extending the
record on American leadership

1053
01:03:28,837 --> 01:03:30,103
on the environment.

1054
01:03:30,138 --> 01:03:33,239
I mean, we had climate summit
after climate summit,

1055
01:03:33,275 --> 01:03:35,975
and we've seen so little action.

1056
01:03:36,011 --> 01:03:37,277
Well, let me tell you
why this is different,

1057
01:03:37,312 --> 01:03:38,978
and it really is different.

1058
01:03:39,014 --> 01:03:42,882
Last year President Obama was
able to stand up in Beijing

1059
01:03:42,918 --> 01:03:45,151
with the Chinese President Shi

1060
01:03:45,186 --> 01:03:49,789
and announce intended reductions
in emissions for Paris.

1061
01:03:49,824 --> 01:03:52,525
Well guess what, when the
two largest economies

1062
01:03:52,560 --> 01:03:57,430
in the world and the two largest
emitters in the world stand up

1063
01:03:57,465 --> 01:03:58,965
and make a statement like that,

1064
01:03:59,000 --> 01:04:02,068
that's created a momentum
that never existed before.

1065
01:04:02,103 --> 01:04:03,903
A lot of things are
coming together.

1066
01:04:03,939 --> 01:04:07,173
Tragically, the full measure
of the negative impact

1067
01:04:07,208 --> 01:04:09,876
of climate change is
coming together too.

1068
01:04:09,911 --> 01:04:12,879
What's happening now is that
you have mass populations

1069
01:04:12,914 --> 01:04:15,081
that are moving as a
result of climate.

1070
01:04:18,954 --> 01:04:21,821
Or you have huge fights over water,

1071
01:04:21,856 --> 01:04:23,289
which could erupt into wars.

1072
01:04:28,863 --> 01:04:32,065
And any extremist
philosophy could appeal

1073
01:04:32,100 --> 01:04:36,769
to people if they have nowhere
to live, no way to live,

1074
01:04:36,805 --> 01:04:38,771
and that's when
people are vulnerable.

1075
01:04:41,242 --> 01:04:44,010
If anybody thinks
I'm kidding about that,

1076
01:04:44,045 --> 01:04:46,379
it's happening today.

1077
01:04:46,414 --> 01:04:49,749
And the greatest fear about all
of this is leaving this planet

1078
01:04:49,784 --> 01:04:53,286
in better shape than we were
given it and that's not

1079
01:04:53,321 --> 01:04:54,187
what we're doing today.

1080
01:05:05,033 --> 01:05:07,300
Today I spend most of
my time on understanding

1081
01:05:07,335 --> 01:05:10,837
how can we secure a prosperous
future for humanity

1082
01:05:10,872 --> 01:05:12,872
in a situation where we're
starting to hit the ceiling

1083
01:05:12,907 --> 01:05:16,342
of what the planet
can cope with.

1084
01:05:16,378 --> 01:05:18,311
And I have the privilege of
chairing something called

1085
01:05:18,346 --> 01:05:21,247
the Earth League, which is a
network of leading earth system

1086
01:05:21,282 --> 01:05:24,984
scientists, try and gather
really all the knowledge we have

1087
01:05:25,020 --> 01:05:29,022
on understanding our
future on, on earth.

1088
01:05:29,057 --> 01:05:31,491
We are on average moving
towards a four degrees warming

1089
01:05:31,526 --> 01:05:33,192
this century.

1090
01:05:33,228 --> 01:05:37,730
And we haven't been in a
four-degree warmer world, um,

1091
01:05:37,766 --> 01:05:41,167
for the past four million years.

1092
01:05:41,202 --> 01:05:44,404
So it's not as if it's a
place we know very well.

1093
01:05:44,439 --> 01:05:49,275
So give me one, sort of
picture of what the world

1094
01:05:49,310 --> 01:05:53,246
may look like if we do
not take action.

1095
01:05:53,281 --> 01:05:56,416
To begin with, for the past
twelve thousand years,

1096
01:05:56,451 --> 01:05:59,118
temperatures are almost
miraculously stable.

1097
01:05:59,154 --> 01:06:02,188
In fact, average temperatures
vary within only plus minus

1098
01:06:02,223 --> 01:06:04,690
one degrees Celsius during
this entire period.

1099
01:06:04,726 --> 01:06:06,959
This perfect planet
with this perfect atmosphere.

1100
01:06:06,995 --> 01:06:08,261
Yeah. Exactly.

1101
01:06:08,296 --> 01:06:11,330
And so, let us then move
upwards in temperature.

1102
01:06:11,366 --> 01:06:13,032
Where are we right now?

1103
01:06:13,068 --> 01:06:16,135
Well, today we're approaching
one degree Celsius.

1104
01:06:16,171 --> 01:06:19,806
Already it just, 0.85 degrees,
we're seeing faster

1105
01:06:19,841 --> 01:06:21,107
than predicted impacts.

1106
01:06:21,142 --> 01:06:23,876
This storm is so big, so vast,

1107
01:06:23,912 --> 01:06:27,046
60 million Americans
will feel its power.

1108
01:06:27,082 --> 01:06:29,148
We're in a historic drought.

1109
01:06:29,184 --> 01:06:31,784
The world's coral reefs
begin to collapse

1110
01:06:31,820 --> 01:06:33,853
even before two degrees.

1111
01:06:33,888 --> 01:06:36,489
And we're predicted
to hit 1.5, to 2 degrees. So.

1112
01:06:36,524 --> 01:06:37,557
Already now. So.

1113
01:06:37,592 --> 01:06:38,658
That's already robably gonna happen.

1114
01:06:38,693 --> 01:06:41,127
That's already probably gonna happen.

1115
01:06:41,162 --> 01:06:44,197
At 3, 4 degrees, we will have
heat waves which makes

1116
01:06:44,232 --> 01:06:47,834
many regions in the world
not livable any longer.

1117
01:06:47,869 --> 01:06:51,771
Agriculture will be collapsing
around the equator.

1118
01:06:51,806 --> 01:06:54,073
That would take us beyond
being able to responsibly

1119
01:06:54,109 --> 01:06:56,976
feed humanity.

1120
01:06:57,011 --> 01:07:00,947
What makes scientists so nervous
is that we can reach a point

1121
01:07:00,982 --> 01:07:04,350
where earth takes over and
starts reinforcing warming.

1122
01:07:04,385 --> 01:07:06,419
This is what we
call tipping points,

1123
01:07:06,454 --> 01:07:09,755
and the most obvious
one is Greenland.

1124
01:07:09,791 --> 01:07:13,893
Greenland, for the first time,
is melting on its entire surface

1125
01:07:13,928 --> 01:07:16,095
to a point where, instead
of being a white surface,

1126
01:07:16,131 --> 01:07:18,865
becomes a dark surface, and
suddenly instead of becoming

1127
01:07:18,900 --> 01:07:20,933
a cooler, becomes a self-heater.

1128
01:07:20,969 --> 01:07:23,336
Because, because of the
fact the ice can no longer

1129
01:07:23,371 --> 01:07:24,704
reflect back.

1130
01:07:24,739 --> 01:07:25,705
Just the color change.

1131
01:07:25,740 --> 01:07:27,473
Just the color change of the ice.

1132
01:07:27,509 --> 01:07:31,444
Suddenly, all these
feedbacks start kicking in.

1133
01:07:31,479 --> 01:07:35,348
Methane stuck under frozen
permafrost thaws to a point

1134
01:07:35,383 --> 01:07:38,751
where it starts
getting released.

1135
01:07:38,786 --> 01:07:41,254
And that in turn warms
the planet even more,

1136
01:07:41,289 --> 01:07:42,922
which releases more methane.

1137
01:07:42,957 --> 01:07:44,290
Correct.

1138
01:07:44,325 --> 01:07:45,458
That's if we don't
take immediate action.

1139
01:07:45,493 --> 01:07:47,193
Yes.
That's business as usual.

1140
01:07:47,228 --> 01:07:49,996
But the Paris Climate Summit
that we are soon approaching

1141
01:07:50,031 --> 01:07:53,266
in December, if world leaders
come together properly,

1142
01:07:53,301 --> 01:07:55,468
the window is open,
but barely open,

1143
01:07:55,503 --> 01:07:58,304
to transition back
into a stable planet.

1144
01:07:58,339 --> 01:08:00,373
Last time we had
our climate summit,

1145
01:08:00,408 --> 01:08:03,142
you couldn't say that we could
go to scale on high tech,

1146
01:08:03,178 --> 01:08:04,310
clean energy solutions.

1147
01:08:04,345 --> 01:08:06,812
But now in Paris, we can say so.

1148
01:08:06,848 --> 01:08:08,981
We actually have the proof.

1149
01:08:09,017 --> 01:08:10,950
You know you wake up in
Germany Saturday morning,

1150
01:08:10,985 --> 01:08:13,319
you're likely to get 30
percent of your electricity

1151
01:08:13,354 --> 01:08:17,757
from solar and wind, and not
from a few energy utilities,

1152
01:08:17,792 --> 01:08:22,028
but from over 2 million
citizens delivering to a grid.

1153
01:08:22,063 --> 01:08:26,399
Denmark today produces over
100 percent, some days,

1154
01:08:26,434 --> 01:08:28,768
of its electricity
needs from wind.

1155
01:08:28,803 --> 01:08:29,435
100 percent.

1156
01:08:29,470 --> 01:08:31,470
It's totally renewable.

1157
01:08:31,506 --> 01:08:34,373
And remember that, once you've
invested in wind and solar,

1158
01:08:34,409 --> 01:08:37,276
you actually have
free energy forever.

1159
01:08:40,882 --> 01:08:42,982
In countries like
my own, in Sweden,

1160
01:08:43,017 --> 01:08:45,818
there was an enormous
uprising among people.

1161
01:08:45,853 --> 01:08:48,955
You know, from youth groups to
citizen side organizations,

1162
01:08:48,990 --> 01:08:51,757
to the point that the prime
minister announced three weeks

1163
01:08:51,793 --> 01:08:53,926
back that Sweden will now
become the world's first

1164
01:08:53,962 --> 01:08:55,228
fossil fuel-free nation.

1165
01:08:55,263 --> 01:08:56,829
Congratulations.
I was shocked

1166
01:08:56,864 --> 01:09:01,801
at the way that it propelled
itself from below.

1167
01:09:01,836 --> 01:09:06,205
I think we have tipped the world
toward a sustainable future.

1168
01:09:06,241 --> 01:09:08,975
The fear is are we
doing it too slowly?

1169
01:09:32,567 --> 01:09:34,867
Ladies and gentleman,

1170
01:09:34,902 --> 01:09:41,974
you are here today to write
the script for a new future.

1171
01:09:42,010 --> 01:09:46,445
The fate of our planet
is in your hands.

1172
01:09:50,518 --> 01:09:53,653
I am a small island girl
with big dreams from the Island

1173
01:09:53,688 --> 01:09:55,955
of Majuro in the
Marshall Islands.

1174
01:09:55,990 --> 01:09:57,823
Back when I was six or seven,

1175
01:09:57,859 --> 01:10:00,660
my grandpa told me about how
the ice in the North Pole

1176
01:10:00,695 --> 01:10:02,928
and the South Pole
will melt away,

1177
01:10:02,964 --> 01:10:08,034
and as they melt, the water will
rise and soon flood our islands.

1178
01:10:08,069 --> 01:10:11,170
This agreement is for
those of us whose identity,

1179
01:10:11,205 --> 01:10:15,107
whose culture, whose ancestors,
whose whole being is bound

1180
01:10:15,143 --> 01:10:17,143
to their lands.

1181
01:10:17,178 --> 01:10:20,046
This agreement will
help the world prepare

1182
01:10:20,081 --> 01:10:23,883
for the impacts of climate
change that are already here,

1183
01:10:23,918 --> 01:10:28,954
and also, for those we know are
now headed our way inevitably.

1184
01:10:34,095 --> 01:10:38,631
Nearly a quarter of a century
of global climate talks

1185
01:10:38,666 --> 01:10:43,502
have come to this
pivotal moment in Paris.

1186
01:10:43,538 --> 01:10:47,006
195 countries saying they'll do
everything in their power

1187
01:10:47,041 --> 01:10:48,908
to change.

1188
01:11:01,255 --> 01:11:03,823
There's no doubt that
this agreement is a massive step

1189
01:11:03,858 --> 01:11:05,758
forward.

1190
01:11:05,793 --> 01:11:07,626
But does it go far enough?

1191
01:11:07,662 --> 01:11:09,829
The Paris Agreement
calls for keeping climate

1192
01:11:09,864 --> 01:11:12,932
warming to well below
two degrees Celsius,

1193
01:11:12,967 --> 01:11:15,401
while striving for 1.5.

1194
01:11:15,436 --> 01:11:17,470
There's no mention of a carbon tax,

1195
01:11:17,505 --> 01:11:19,839
there's no mention
of any penalties.

1196
01:11:19,874 --> 01:11:22,608
There are no enforcement provisions.

1197
01:11:22,643 --> 01:11:24,076
We just have to take it
on faith that all these

1198
01:11:24,112 --> 01:11:28,180
countries are gonna follow
through with what they say.

1199
01:11:28,216 --> 01:11:29,148
How likely is that?

1200
01:11:33,621 --> 01:11:35,654
This is an unattainable deal that Congress

1201
01:11:35,690 --> 01:11:37,823
has already voted to reject.

1202
01:11:37,859 --> 01:11:40,926
The fact that we're
going to have a 26-28 percent

1203
01:11:40,962 --> 01:11:44,463
reduction in CO2 emissions,
that isn't gonna happen.

1204
01:11:44,499 --> 01:11:46,432
I chair the committee
that has jurisdiction

1205
01:11:46,467 --> 01:11:49,201
over the Environmental
Protection Agency.

1206
01:11:54,075 --> 01:11:56,008
Hey man.

1207
01:11:56,043 --> 01:11:57,777
Good to see ya.

1208
01:11:57,812 --> 01:11:58,411
Thank you so much.
You doing alright?

1209
01:11:58,446 --> 01:11:59,145
Absolutely.

1210
01:11:59,180 --> 01:12:00,413
Alright. C'mon.

1211
01:12:00,448 --> 01:12:03,916
The Paris Agreement ended up
being a historic agreement,

1212
01:12:03,951 --> 01:12:07,453
not because it gets us to where
we need to be eventually,

1213
01:12:07,488 --> 01:12:12,591
but for the first time, locking
in all countries into verifiable

1214
01:12:12,627 --> 01:12:14,860
steps and targets that
they're gonna take.

1215
01:12:14,896 --> 01:12:17,863
It creates the architecture
that allows us to finally start

1216
01:12:17,899 --> 01:12:19,565
dealing with this
problem in a serious way.

1217
01:12:19,600 --> 01:12:20,866
So you were happy with what came of it?

1218
01:12:20,902 --> 01:12:23,502
I, I, I was happy that
we put the architecture

1219
01:12:23,538 --> 01:12:25,171
in place.

1220
01:12:25,206 --> 01:12:27,807
The, the targets that have been
set in Paris are nowhere near

1221
01:12:27,842 --> 01:12:31,811
enough for what the scientists
tell us we have to do eventually

1222
01:12:31,846 --> 01:12:33,612
to solve this problem.

1223
01:12:33,648 --> 01:12:36,982
But if we can use the next
20 years to apply existing

1224
01:12:37,018 --> 01:12:40,186
technologies to reduce
carbon emissions,

1225
01:12:40,221 --> 01:12:44,557
and then start slowly turning up
the dials as new technologies

1226
01:12:44,592 --> 01:12:47,092
come on line, so that we have
more and more ambitious targets

1227
01:12:47,128 --> 01:12:51,931
each year, then, we're not gonna
completely reverse the warming

1228
01:12:51,966 --> 01:12:55,067
that now is inevitable, but we
can stop it before it becomes

1229
01:12:55,102 --> 01:12:56,769
catastrophic.

1230
01:12:56,804 --> 01:12:58,704
And it's no secret
that you've been under great

1231
01:12:58,739 --> 01:13:02,107
opposition to try to implement
some of your climate change

1232
01:13:02,143 --> 01:13:03,776
initiatives. And.

1233
01:13:03,811 --> 01:13:05,978
We've got some folks on the other side.
Yeah.

1234
01:13:06,013 --> 01:13:08,581
So someone that comes
into office that does not

1235
01:13:08,616 --> 01:13:11,450
believe in the science
of climate change,

1236
01:13:11,486 --> 01:13:14,487
do they have the capacity
and the power to dismantle

1237
01:13:14,522 --> 01:13:16,021
everything that you've
already worked for?

1238
01:13:16,057 --> 01:13:19,458
Even if somebody came in,
campaigning on denying

1239
01:13:19,494 --> 01:13:24,964
climate science, reality has
a way of, you know,

1240
01:13:24,999 --> 01:13:27,900
hitting you in the nose if
you're not paying attention.

1241
01:13:27,935 --> 01:13:32,705
And I think that the public is
starting to realize the science,

1242
01:13:32,740 --> 01:13:35,841
in part because
it's indisputable.

1243
01:13:35,877 --> 01:13:38,644
I, I admire your optimism.

1244
01:13:38,679 --> 01:13:39,512
Yeah.
But

1245
01:13:39,547 --> 01:13:41,180
you start to look at
the science,

1246
01:13:41,215 --> 01:13:43,082
look at what's going on
in the Antarctic and,

1247
01:13:43,117 --> 01:13:46,018
and scientists saying that
there are sections of ice that

1248
01:13:46,053 --> 01:13:49,688
guarantee four to six
meters of ocean level rise,

1249
01:13:49,724 --> 01:13:52,958
which will be catastrophic
for the future.

1250
01:13:52,994 --> 01:13:56,028
You are the leader
of the Free World.

1251
01:13:56,063 --> 01:13:59,565
You have access to information
that most people do not.

1252
01:13:59,600 --> 01:14:03,903
What makes you terrified
for the future?

1253
01:14:03,938 --> 01:14:07,540
Uh, a huge portion
of the world's population

1254
01:14:07,575 --> 01:14:09,708
lives near oceans.
Mhm.

1255
01:14:09,744 --> 01:14:16,448
If they start moving,
then you start seeing,

1256
01:14:16,484 --> 01:14:18,951
um, scarce resources.

1257
01:14:18,986 --> 01:14:21,854
The subject of competition
between populations.

1258
01:14:21,889 --> 01:14:24,423
This is the reason why
the Pentagon has said,

1259
01:14:24,458 --> 01:14:26,058
this is a national
security issue.

1260
01:14:26,093 --> 01:14:27,993
This isn't just an
environmental issue.

1261
01:14:28,029 --> 01:14:30,496
This is a national
security issue.

1262
01:14:30,531 --> 01:14:36,168
You know, in addition to just
the sadness that I would feel if

1263
01:14:36,203 --> 01:14:40,573
my kids can never see a glacier,
the way I saw when I went up

1264
01:14:40,608 --> 01:14:43,709
to Alaska, uh, you know,
that's the romantic side of it.

1265
01:14:43,744 --> 01:14:46,579
That's the side that takes
a walk with my daughters

1266
01:14:46,614 --> 01:14:49,148
and I wanna be able to, them
to see, or my grandkids,

1267
01:14:49,183 --> 01:14:50,816
I want them to see the
same things as I saw

1268
01:14:50,851 --> 01:14:51,984
as I was growing up.

1269
01:14:52,019 --> 01:14:55,788
Even if you were
unsentimental about that,

1270
01:14:55,823 --> 01:14:58,891
in very hard-headed terms,
you've gotta worry about

1271
01:14:58,926 --> 01:15:00,759
the national security
implications of this,

1272
01:15:00,795 --> 01:15:04,930
and the capacity for the
existing world order

1273
01:15:04,966 --> 01:15:07,866
as we understand it to
survive the kinds of strains

1274
01:15:07,902 --> 01:15:10,102
that the scientists are
predicting without action.

1275
01:15:10,137 --> 01:15:14,106
This is why we have
to take action now.

1276
01:15:14,141 --> 01:15:17,476
If we keep pushing keep prodding
and most importantly keep

1277
01:15:17,511 --> 01:15:21,113
educating the public
there's no reason why, uh,

1278
01:15:21,148 --> 01:15:23,983
we can't solve this
problem in time.

1279
01:15:24,018 --> 01:15:25,150
Thank you for your time, Mr. President.

1280
01:15:25,186 --> 01:15:26,118
You bet.

1281
01:15:26,153 --> 01:15:27,386
Thanks for the good
work you're doing.

1282
01:15:27,421 --> 01:15:28,721
Thank you so much.
Alright. Good?

1283
01:15:37,798 --> 01:15:41,467
I have realized that as
a science community we have not

1284
01:15:41,502 --> 01:15:46,705
done the best job, frankly,
of communicating this threat

1285
01:15:46,741 --> 01:15:50,309
to the public.

1286
01:15:50,344 --> 01:15:53,345
But when you go up there and
see it with your own eye,

1287
01:15:53,381 --> 01:15:58,350
how thin the world's
atmosphere is,

1288
01:15:58,386 --> 01:16:02,488
tiny little onion
skin around the earth.

1289
01:16:02,523 --> 01:16:05,391
That's all the oxygen that
we breathe, that's the CO2,

1290
01:16:05,426 --> 01:16:08,160
everything we burn goes into it.

1291
01:16:08,195 --> 01:16:11,497
It's an astonishingly
fragile film.

1292
01:16:15,136 --> 01:16:17,603
You know, I knew intellectually
how the earth's system works,

1293
01:16:17,638 --> 01:16:19,471
'cause that's what I've
been doing for 20 years.

1294
01:16:19,507 --> 01:16:21,607
To see how the
atmosphere and the ocean,

1295
01:16:21,642 --> 01:16:24,176
all the elements in the
system work together.

1296
01:16:24,211 --> 01:16:25,511
So I understood it
intellectually.

1297
01:16:25,546 --> 01:16:27,379
Mhm.

1298
01:16:27,415 --> 01:16:30,082
But it's like being
an ant trying to understand

1299
01:16:30,117 --> 01:16:32,651
what an elephant looks like by
crawling all over the elephant.

1300
01:16:36,390 --> 01:16:37,523
But when you're
up there in orbit,

1301
01:16:37,558 --> 01:16:41,694
and you can see 1200 miles
in any direction, I mean,

1302
01:16:41,729 --> 01:16:42,728
let me tell you.

1303
01:16:42,763 --> 01:16:45,597
It's kind of a revelation.

1304
01:16:45,633 --> 01:16:48,734
Seeing all the cities at night,
millions of people all working

1305
01:16:48,769 --> 01:16:51,236
away, doing something.

1306
01:16:51,272 --> 01:16:52,504
Come around the day
side of the world,

1307
01:16:52,540 --> 01:16:54,173
seeing the natural systems.

1308
01:16:54,208 --> 01:16:57,676
The hurricanes, huge,
great big wheels, you know,

1309
01:16:57,712 --> 01:17:00,112
over the oceans.

1310
01:17:00,147 --> 01:17:03,182
Saw the Amazon River
go between my feet.

1311
01:17:03,217 --> 01:17:05,484
For like five minutes, you know,
I have a whole green carpet

1312
01:17:05,519 --> 01:17:06,552
either side.

1313
01:17:06,587 --> 01:17:09,388
Just beautiful, all
the way out to the sea.

1314
01:17:09,423 --> 01:17:11,323
And you know there was the sun
coming up over the Amazon,

1315
01:17:11,358 --> 01:17:14,626
the whole forest waking up, and
doing what it does every day,

1316
01:17:14,662 --> 01:17:17,029
you know. Breathing
in and breathing out.

1317
01:17:17,064 --> 01:17:20,632
So I, I, you know, at the end
of all that I became immensely

1318
01:17:20,668 --> 01:17:23,635
fond, more fond of
the planet. You know?

1319
01:17:23,671 --> 01:17:25,137
Which I never thought about
when I actually just live

1320
01:17:25,172 --> 01:17:26,238
on the surface.

1321
01:17:26,273 --> 01:17:28,707
I'm also kind of fond of
the people on there, too.

1322
01:17:28,743 --> 01:17:31,777
It's like being taken away from
your family and coming back.

1323
01:17:31,812 --> 01:17:37,182
And um, you know,
I wish it all well.

1324
01:17:37,218 --> 01:17:40,519
I, uh, just before Christmas
I got told I got pancreatic

1325
01:17:40,554 --> 01:17:42,387
cancer.

1326
01:17:42,423 --> 01:17:46,425
Stage 4, so it's also elsewhere
in me, not just in one place.

1327
01:17:46,460 --> 01:17:48,761
So um, you know, the, the odds
are I won't be around

1328
01:17:48,796 --> 01:17:50,562
for very long.

1329
01:17:50,598 --> 01:17:54,166
You know, it's a very
small chance of survival.

1330
01:17:54,201 --> 01:17:58,137
So, uh, that's really
motivated me to think about

1331
01:17:58,172 --> 01:18:01,540
what's important to do, and what
can I contribute in the time

1332
01:18:01,575 --> 01:18:04,176
I have left.

1333
01:18:04,211 --> 01:18:09,248
So this is a model
simulation of the earth, now,

1334
01:18:09,283 --> 01:18:11,650
we have about 20 satellites
that are dedicated to looking

1335
01:18:11,685 --> 01:18:14,319
at the earth, every day.

1336
01:18:14,355 --> 01:18:16,789
One looks at clouds, one looks
at the sea surface temperature,

1337
01:18:16,824 --> 01:18:19,491
Oko looks at carbon dioxide
in the atmosphere.

1338
01:18:19,527 --> 01:18:22,795
All this information comes in,
and this is the tool we use

1339
01:18:22,830 --> 01:18:24,663
to do climate simulation.

1340
01:18:24,698 --> 01:18:27,633
Here's an example of one thing
we could see: this is

1341
01:18:27,668 --> 01:18:31,036
ocean surface temperature,
as measured from space.

1342
01:18:31,071 --> 01:18:33,572
This is the whole world's
surface temperature.

1343
01:18:33,607 --> 01:18:37,276
You can see the
poles melting, there.

1344
01:18:37,311 --> 01:18:38,243
Wow.

1345
01:18:38,279 --> 01:18:39,178
Yeah.
It's amazing.

1346
01:18:39,213 --> 01:18:40,245
This is the
way to do it man.

1347
01:18:40,281 --> 01:18:42,481
This is the way to really
see what's going on.

1348
01:18:42,516 --> 01:18:43,682
Here's the Gulf
Stream, look at this.

1349
01:18:43,717 --> 01:18:46,451
It's like a motion of the ocean.

1350
01:18:46,487 --> 01:18:48,420
This is like
a great piece of art.

1351
01:18:48,455 --> 01:18:50,322
It is, isn't it?

1352
01:18:50,357 --> 01:18:51,690
Biggest impact would be here.

1353
01:18:51,725 --> 01:18:53,458
In the Gulf Stream.
Yeah.

1354
01:18:53,494 --> 01:18:55,460
This current here, see it?

1355
01:18:55,496 --> 01:18:57,830
The dumping of ice
off melting Greenland,

1356
01:18:57,865 --> 01:19:01,400
would stop this conveyor belt,
and the Gulf Stream would slow

1357
01:19:01,435 --> 01:19:05,137
down, stopping the transport
of heat from here, to there.

1358
01:19:05,172 --> 01:19:07,639
And then Europe
would get cold toes.

1359
01:19:07,675 --> 01:19:10,642
Because there's a lot of heat
transport from the Tropics,

1360
01:19:10,678 --> 01:19:13,412
across the North Atlantic,
that keeps Europe warm. I mean.

1361
01:19:13,447 --> 01:19:14,713
So Europe would get colder?

1362
01:19:14,748 --> 01:19:16,281
Yeah.

1363
01:19:16,317 --> 01:19:17,416
Cause that's the
big misconception about

1364
01:19:17,451 --> 01:19:19,384
climate change, is that
everything gets warmer.

1365
01:19:19,420 --> 01:19:21,286
Yeah.
Wow.

1366
01:19:21,322 --> 01:19:23,655
And here's the most
advanced precipitation satellite

1367
01:19:23,691 --> 01:19:25,424
in the world.

1368
01:19:25,459 --> 01:19:27,726
This is very important, cause we
think the biggest impact from

1369
01:19:27,761 --> 01:19:31,230
climate change is the moving of
the precipitation belts.

1370
01:19:31,265 --> 01:19:33,632
From the equator
they'll go further out,

1371
01:19:33,667 --> 01:19:37,135
so we're already seeing
signs of a system drought.

1372
01:19:37,171 --> 01:19:38,337
So that causes more
drought in places

1373
01:19:38,372 --> 01:19:40,772
that are already too hot.
Yes.

1374
01:19:40,808 --> 01:19:43,275
And there's a lot of papers
written in the State Department

1375
01:19:43,310 --> 01:19:45,644
and elsewhere, how that
sustained drought has helped

1376
01:19:45,679 --> 01:19:49,681
fuel the conflict of the Syrian
civil war, Darfur, Sudan,

1377
01:19:49,717 --> 01:19:52,651
all these places that are
short of water, short of food.

1378
01:19:52,686 --> 01:19:55,687
Is this throughout the
entire planet or is it just this

1379
01:19:55,723 --> 01:19:57,189
particular region right here?
Nope.

1380
01:19:57,224 --> 01:19:59,057
We expect the whole world.

1381
01:19:59,093 --> 01:20:03,528
We expect bits of India we
expect in the U.S., Oklahoma.

1382
01:20:03,564 --> 01:20:06,131
You know the dust bowl region,
we expect that to get

1383
01:20:06,166 --> 01:20:09,401
much, much drier over the
next few decades.

1384
01:20:09,436 --> 01:20:13,138
Oh my God, and
what about my home state

1385
01:20:13,173 --> 01:20:14,473
of California here?

1386
01:20:14,508 --> 01:20:17,142
Um, not looking
great, I'm afraid.

1387
01:20:17,177 --> 01:20:21,313
Now predicted persistent drought
in the dust bowl, and here,

1388
01:20:21,348 --> 01:20:23,515
for fifty years from now.

1389
01:20:23,550 --> 01:20:26,785
But we're just seeing the
worst drought in 900 years

1390
01:20:26,820 --> 01:20:28,186
here right now.

1391
01:20:28,222 --> 01:20:29,288
So it's coming a bit
earlier than we thought.

1392
01:20:29,323 --> 01:20:31,490
We're talking about this
happening over a period

1393
01:20:31,525 --> 01:20:33,125
of a few decades.

1394
01:20:33,160 --> 01:20:35,260
It's just consistent
not great news.

1395
01:20:35,296 --> 01:20:36,728
No.

1396
01:20:36,764 --> 01:20:39,631
But a lot of people now kinda
confused about the issue.

1397
01:20:39,667 --> 01:20:41,500
You know, the facts
are crystal clear.

1398
01:20:41,535 --> 01:20:44,469
The ice is melting,
the earth is warming,

1399
01:20:44,505 --> 01:20:45,871
the sea level is rising.

1400
01:20:45,906 --> 01:20:47,572
Those are facts.

1401
01:20:47,608 --> 01:20:50,309
Rather than feeling, oh my
God it's hopeless, say, okay,

1402
01:20:50,344 --> 01:20:51,576
this is the problem.

1403
01:20:51,612 --> 01:20:52,844
Let's be realistic.

1404
01:20:52,880 --> 01:20:55,113
Let's find a way out of it.

1405
01:20:55,149 --> 01:20:56,782
And there are ways out of it.

1406
01:20:56,817 --> 01:21:00,619
You know, if we stopped
burning fossil fuel right now,

1407
01:21:00,654 --> 01:21:02,587
the planet would still keep
warming for a little while

1408
01:21:02,623 --> 01:21:04,856
before cooling off again.

1409
01:21:04,892 --> 01:21:08,560
So you're saying
that if we do the right thing,

1410
01:21:08,595 --> 01:21:10,662
we're gonna heat
up, or we're gonna.

1411
01:21:10,698 --> 01:21:13,699
it'll turn off,
then it'll start cooling again.

1412
01:21:13,734 --> 01:21:16,435
Would that Arctic ice
sheet start to then increase

1413
01:21:16,470 --> 01:21:17,602
again?

1414
01:21:17,638 --> 01:21:20,138
Once the cooling started, yeah.

1415
01:21:20,174 --> 01:21:23,241
So there really is
a possibility to repair

1416
01:21:23,277 --> 01:21:25,077
this trajectory that we're on?
Absolutely.

1417
01:21:25,112 --> 01:21:28,080
Interesting.
Yeah. So there's hope.

1418
01:21:28,115 --> 01:21:30,682
You seem to have an
incredibly positive attitude,

1419
01:21:30,718 --> 01:21:33,085
just about everything though.
It's amazing.

1420
01:21:33,120 --> 01:21:36,254
Yeah, I, I do, I'm actually
basically an optimistic

1421
01:21:36,290 --> 01:21:37,356
kind of person.

1422
01:21:37,391 --> 01:21:39,191
I have faith in people.

1423
01:21:39,226 --> 01:21:41,193
I, I really do have
faith in people.

1424
01:21:41,228 --> 01:21:44,663
And I think that once people
come out of the fog of confusion

1425
01:21:44,698 --> 01:21:46,865
or an issue, or initial
uncertainty on an issue,

1426
01:21:46,900 --> 01:21:51,570
and realistically appreciate
it at some level, the threat,

1427
01:21:51,605 --> 01:21:55,774
and they're informed of what the
best action is to deal with it,

1428
01:21:55,809 --> 01:21:57,609
they got on and did it.

1429
01:21:57,644 --> 01:22:00,379
And what seemed like almost
impossible to deal with,

1430
01:22:00,414 --> 01:22:01,780
you know, became possible.

1431
01:22:14,194 --> 01:22:16,328
I still think a lot
about that picture that used

1432
01:22:16,363 --> 01:22:19,431
to hang over above my crib.

1433
01:22:19,466 --> 01:22:22,601
The story of The Garden of
Earthly Delights actually begins

1434
01:22:22,636 --> 01:22:24,736
on the outside of
the painting,

1435
01:22:24,772 --> 01:22:28,440
where. Bosch painted a view
of our Earth on the third day

1436
01:22:28,475 --> 01:22:30,542
of creation.

1437
01:22:30,577 --> 01:22:33,278
It's almost as if he wanted to
show the fragility of our

1438
01:22:33,313 --> 01:22:37,749
planet by depicting the earth
and its atmosphere enclosed

1439
01:22:37,785 --> 01:22:38,850
in glass.

1440
01:22:56,203 --> 01:22:57,769
Pope Francis has
officially released

1441
01:22:57,805 --> 01:23:00,272
his encyclical on the
environment.

1442
01:23:00,307 --> 01:23:03,341
The document is both a call
for immediate action to stop

1443
01:23:03,377 --> 01:23:06,311
global warming, and a
cry for justice for the poor.

1444
01:23:09,416 --> 01:23:14,386
Our common home has fallen
into serious disrepair.

1445
01:23:14,421 --> 01:23:18,790
Hope would have us recognize
that there is always a way out.

1446
01:23:18,826 --> 01:23:22,427
That we can always
redirect our steps,

1447
01:23:22,463 --> 01:23:28,200
that we can always do something
to solve our problems.

1448
01:23:28,235 --> 01:23:32,304
Still, we can see signs that
things are now reaching

1449
01:23:32,339 --> 01:23:34,206
a breaking point.

1450
01:23:37,778 --> 01:23:42,214
This is a direct message from
the pope, it's a huge deal.

1451
01:23:47,187 --> 01:23:49,087
One of the most important
spiritual leader's

1452
01:23:49,123 --> 01:23:50,856
on the planet.

1453
01:23:50,891 --> 01:23:52,190
DiCaprio.

1454
01:23:52,226 --> 01:23:55,327
He has now called upon
the world community to accept

1455
01:23:55,362 --> 01:23:59,431
the modern science
of climate change.

1456
01:23:59,466 --> 01:24:02,100
A pope has never done anything
like this in history.

1457
01:24:16,984 --> 01:24:20,218
Being able to spend time
and sit with the pope

1458
01:24:20,254 --> 01:24:23,188
was a pretty
profound experience.

1459
01:24:24,458 --> 01:24:30,162
This is a book,
Hieronymus Bosch's.

1460
01:24:33,534 --> 01:24:36,168
Uh, it was hanging above
my crib, as a young boy.

1461
01:24:39,273 --> 01:24:40,372
Thank you.

1462
01:24:43,810 --> 01:24:47,212
There was definitely an
urgency in his voice.

1463
01:24:47,247 --> 01:24:52,751
He said that as far as the Paris
conference is concerned, he,

1464
01:24:52,786 --> 01:24:54,753
he felt was a step in
the right direction,

1465
01:24:54,788 --> 01:24:57,389
but certainly not enough.

1466
01:24:57,424 --> 01:25:00,292
He feels we all need to keep
speaking out about this issue

1467
01:25:00,327 --> 01:25:04,829
as loud as we can, and that we
must immediately take action.

1468
01:25:07,000 --> 01:25:11,002
But more than anything, he said
to pray for the human race.

1469
01:25:22,015 --> 01:25:24,883
After everything I've seen,
it's become pretty obvious

1470
01:25:24,918 --> 01:25:26,785
that we're no longer
living in that first,

1471
01:25:26,820 --> 01:25:29,921
unspoiled depiction of Eden.

1472
01:25:29,957 --> 01:25:32,724
We're in that second panel.

1473
01:25:32,759 --> 01:25:36,461
What Bosch called, Human
Kind Before the Flood.

1474
01:25:46,807 --> 01:25:51,409
And what haunts me the
most is that last panel.

1475
01:25:51,445 --> 01:25:54,846
The one with the charred,
blackened skies.

1476
01:25:54,881 --> 01:26:00,218
A planet that we collectively
have left to ruin.

1477
01:26:00,254 --> 01:26:05,357
The question is, can we
change our course in time?

1478
01:26:10,130 --> 01:26:13,765
Now if this was a movie we could
write the ending of this script,

1479
01:26:13,800 --> 01:26:18,403
and we could figure a
way out of this mess.

1480
01:26:18,438 --> 01:26:21,906
But real life doesn't
work like that,

1481
01:26:21,942 --> 01:26:26,444
and we can't pretend that we
know how this is gonna end.

1482
01:26:26,480 --> 01:26:31,983
The only thing that we can do
is control what we do next,

1483
01:26:32,019 --> 01:26:40,091
how we live our lives, what we
consume, how we get involved,

1484
01:26:40,127 --> 01:26:45,096
and how we use our vote to
tell our leaders that we know

1485
01:26:45,132 --> 01:26:49,301
the truth about
climate change.

1486
01:26:50,804 --> 01:26:53,972
The last speaker for
this signing ceremony is

1487
01:26:54,007 --> 01:26:56,274
the Academy Award Best Actor,

1488
01:26:56,310 --> 01:27:01,179
and the United Nations Messenger
of Peace, Mr. Leonardo DiCaprio.

1489
01:27:07,487 --> 01:27:09,387
Thank you Mr.Secretary General for

1490
01:27:09,423 --> 01:27:12,924
the honor to address this body,
and thanks to the distinguished

1491
01:27:12,959 --> 01:27:15,894
climate leaders assembled
here today who are ready

1492
01:27:15,929 --> 01:27:18,363
to take action.

1493
01:27:18,398 --> 01:27:22,167
As a U.N. Messenger of Peace I
have traveled all over the world

1494
01:27:22,202 --> 01:27:26,271
for the last two years, I have
seen cities like Beijing choked

1495
01:27:26,306 --> 01:27:30,408
by industrial pollution, ancient
boreal forests in Canada

1496
01:27:30,444 --> 01:27:33,311
that have been clear cut, and
rainforests in Indonesia

1497
01:27:33,347 --> 01:27:35,146
that have been incinerated.

1498
01:27:35,182 --> 01:27:37,449
In India I met farmers whose
crops have been literally

1499
01:27:37,484 --> 01:27:39,284
washed away.

1500
01:27:39,319 --> 01:27:41,453
In America I've witnessed sea
level rise flooding the streets

1501
01:27:41,488 --> 01:27:43,154
of Miami.

1502
01:27:43,190 --> 01:27:46,191
In Greenland and in the Arctic
I was astonished to see

1503
01:27:46,226 --> 01:27:49,294
that ancient glaciers are
rapidly disappearing,

1504
01:27:49,329 --> 01:27:52,063
well ahead of
scientific predictions.

1505
01:27:52,099 --> 01:27:56,067
All that I have seen and learned
on my journey has absolutely

1506
01:27:56,103 --> 01:27:57,836
terrified me.

1507
01:27:57,871 --> 01:28:00,238
Now think about the shame that
each of us will carry when our

1508
01:28:00,273 --> 01:28:03,375
children and grandchildren look
back and realize that we had

1509
01:28:03,410 --> 01:28:06,845
the means of stopping this
devastation but simply lacked

1510
01:28:06,880 --> 01:28:09,414
the political will to do so.

1511
01:28:09,449 --> 01:28:12,984
Yes, we have achieved
the Paris Agreement.

1512
01:28:13,019 --> 01:28:15,153
More countries have come
together here to sign

1513
01:28:15,188 --> 01:28:18,757
this agreement today than for
any other cause in the history

1514
01:28:18,792 --> 01:28:22,460
of humankind, and that
is reason for hope.

1515
01:28:22,496 --> 01:28:25,263
But unfortunately the evidence
shows us that it will not

1516
01:28:25,298 --> 01:28:26,765
be enough.

1517
01:28:26,800 --> 01:28:29,901
A massive change is
required right now.

1518
01:28:29,936 --> 01:28:33,071
One that leads to a new
collective consciousness.

1519
01:28:33,106 --> 01:28:36,174
A new collective evolution
of the human race,

1520
01:28:36,209 --> 01:28:40,412
inspired and enabled by a sense
of urgency from all of you.

1521
01:28:40,447 --> 01:28:43,214
We can congratulate
each other today,

1522
01:28:43,250 --> 01:28:45,483
but it will mean absolutely
nothing if you return

1523
01:28:45,519 --> 01:28:49,254
to your countries and fail
to push beyond the promises

1524
01:28:49,289 --> 01:28:51,423
of this historic agreement.

1525
01:28:51,458 --> 01:28:54,459
After 21 years of
debates and conferences,

1526
01:28:54,494 --> 01:28:58,463
it is time to declare no
more talk, no more excuses,

1527
01:28:58,498 --> 01:29:02,100
no more ten-year studies, no
more allowing the fossil fuel

1528
01:29:02,135 --> 01:29:05,870
companies to manipulate and
dictate the science and policies

1529
01:29:05,906 --> 01:29:07,839
that affect our future.

1530
01:29:07,874 --> 01:29:10,241
The world is now watching.

1531
01:29:10,277 --> 01:29:13,411
You'll either be lauded
by future generations,

1532
01:29:13,447 --> 01:29:15,180
or vilified by them.

1533
01:29:15,215 --> 01:29:19,217
You are the last
best hope of Earth.

1534
01:29:19,252 --> 01:29:21,319
We ask you to protect it,

1535
01:29:21,354 --> 01:29:26,124
or we, and all living things
we cherish, are history.

1536
01:29:35,101 --> 01:29:38,837
♪ We wait ♪

1537
01:29:38,872 --> 01:29:46,978
♪ We pray for the rain ♪

1538
01:29:47,013 --> 01:29:51,049
♪ For the rain ♪

1539
01:29:51,084 --> 01:29:55,086
♪ For a rain ♪

1540
01:29:55,121 --> 01:29:57,822
♪ To wash away ♪

1541
01:30:07,834 --> 01:30:11,836
♪ We try ♪

1542
01:30:11,872 --> 01:30:16,107
♪ Deny ♪

1543
01:30:16,142 --> 01:30:20,211
♪ To believe to believe ♪

1544
01:30:24,551 --> 01:30:28,319
♪ We can't believe ♪

1545
01:30:28,355 --> 01:30:29,387
♪ In anything ♪

1546
01:30:37,931 --> 01:30:47,939
♪ I don't want to say goodbye ♪

1547
01:30:47,974 --> 01:30:54,178
♪ I don't want to say goodbye ♪

1548
01:30:54,214 --> 01:31:04,222
♪ Stars falling from the sky ♪

1549
01:31:04,257 --> 01:31:09,727
♪ Stars falling from the sky ♪

1550
01:31:09,763 --> 01:31:14,866
♪ We will all be judged ♪

1551
01:31:14,901 --> 01:31:27,378
♪ By what we leave behind ♪

1552
01:31:27,414 --> 01:31:37,388
♪ I don't want to say goodbye ♪

1553
01:31:43,964 --> 01:31:46,864
♪ Hey ♪

1554
01:31:46,900 --> 01:31:51,135
♪ Too late ♪

1555
01:31:51,171 --> 01:31:59,344
♪ To look you in the eye ♪

1556
01:31:59,379 --> 01:32:03,348
♪ In your eyes ♪

1557
01:32:03,383 --> 01:32:07,785
♪ In your eyes ♪

1558
01:32:07,821 --> 01:32:10,288
♪ And realize ♪

1559
01:32:20,100 --> 01:32:24,168
We find.

1560
01:32:24,204 --> 01:32:32,243
♪ In time we're the same ♪

1561
01:32:32,278 --> 01:32:36,447
♪ We're the same ♪

1562
01:32:36,483 --> 01:32:40,485
♪ All to blame ♪

1563
01:32:50,096 --> 01:33:00,104
♪ I don't want to say goodbye ♪

1564
01:33:00,140 --> 01:33:06,277
♪ I don't want to say goodbye ♪

1565
01:33:06,312 --> 01:33:16,320
♪ Stars falling from the sky ♪

1566
01:33:16,356 --> 01:33:22,060
♪ Stars falling from the sky ♪

1567
01:33:22,095 --> 01:33:26,731
♪ We will all be judged ¶

1568
01:33:26,766 --> 01:33:39,777
♪ By what we leave behind ♪

1569
01:33:39,813 --> 01:33:52,523
♪ I don't want to say goodbye
no, no, no, no... ♪

1570
01:33:52,559 --> 01:34:02,767
♪ no, no, no, no, no, no,
no, no, no, no, no, no ♪

1571
01:34:02,802 --> 01:34:12,744
♪ no, no, no, no, no, no,
no, no, no, no, no, no ♪

1572
01:34:12,779 --> 01:34:26,124
♪ no, no, no, no, no, no,
no, no, no, no, no, no ♪

1573
01:34:26,159 --> 01:34:38,202
♪ I just need a
minute to breathe ♪

1574
01:34:38,238 --> 01:34:50,748
♪ I just need a
minute to breathe ♪

1575
01:34:50,784 --> 01:35:02,994
♪ I just need a
minute to breathe ♪

1576
01:35:03,029 --> 01:35:07,765
♪ I just need... ♪

1577
01:35:20,513 --> 01:35:28,419
♪ ...a minute to breathe ♪

1578
01:35:28,454 --> 01:35:31,909